在 Pandas 中使用列表替换列名
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Using lists in Pandas to replace column names
提问by Shawn
I'm trying to understand my mistake when using df.rename in pandas. Specifically, using the rename function with a tuple executes without error, but no changes are made to the column names.
在Pandas中使用 df.rename 时，我试图理解我的错误。具体来说，使用带有元组的重命名函数执行时不会出错，但不会对列名进行任何更改。
f_GreaterArea = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(5, 3),
index=['a', 'c', 'e', 'f', 'h'],
columns=['one', 'two', 'three'])
print(f_GreaterArea)
one two three
a 0.278969 -0.676388 -2.464444
c -0.992077 -0.435534 2.267315
e 2.094669 -1.401885 1.243658
f 0.886835 0.195726 -0.132382
h -0.920486 -0.298380 2.227378
old_colnames = ('one', 'two', 'three')
new_colnames = ('pig', 'cups', 'seven')
f_GreaterArea.rename(columns={old_colnames:new_colnames}, inplace=True)
print(f_GreaterArea)
one two three
a 0.278969 -0.676388 -2.464444
c -0.992077 -0.435534 2.267315
e 2.094669 -1.401885 1.243658
f 0.886835 0.195726 -0.132382
h -0.920486 -0.298380 2.227378
回答by sparc_spread
You are correct in wanting to pass in a dictwith three entries, one for each column you are renaming, but the dictyou are passing is not. It's a dictof one entry, with one tuple as a key and one as a value.
您想要传入dict包含三个条目的a 是正确的，您要重命名的每一列对应一个条目，但dict您传递的不是。它dict是一个条目，一个元组作为键，一个作为值。
Use a dictcomprehension to turn the tuples into a dict, like this:
使用dict推导式将元组转换为dict，如下所示：
{i:j for i,j in zip(old_colnames,new_colnames)}
So in the context of your code, that's:
所以在你的代码上下文中，那就是：
col_rename_dict = {i:j for i,j in zip(old_colnames,new_colnames)}
f_GreaterArea.rename(columns=col_rename_dict, inplace=True)
Or just:
要不就：
f_GreaterArea.rename(
columns={i:j for i,j in zip(old_colnames,new_colnames)}, inplace=True
)
Here's a nice little write-upon comprehensions in general, including the dictcomprehension. It also includes usage of zip.
回答by xmduhan
columns parameter should be this way:
列参数应该是这样的：
{'one': 'pig', 'three': 'seven', 'two': 'cups'}
use this code to get it:
使用此代码获取它：
dict(zip(old_colnames, new_colnames))
If you want to change name of columns, use this code will be more easy:
如果要更改列名，使用此代码会更容易：
f_GreaterArea.columns = ('pig', 'cups', 'seven')
