C++ 使用 mfc 的动态菜单
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Dynamic menu using mfc
提问by Ira
I would like to add a menu item to my main menu and then populate it with items at run time. How would I do this? And besides adding items how would I have a message map entry for them since I do not know the id?
我想向我的主菜单添加一个菜单项，然后在运行时用项目填充它。我该怎么做？除了添加项目之外，由于我不知道 id，我将如何为它们提供消息映射条目？
回答by casablanca
You can create a CMenuobject dynamically like this:
您可以CMenu像这样动态创建对象：
CMenu *menu = new CMenu;
menu->CreatePopupMenu();
// Add items to the menu
menu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, menuItemID, "Text");
...
Then add this sub-menu to your main menu:
然后将此子菜单添加到您的主菜单中：
wnd->GetMenu()->AppendMenu(MF_POPUP, (UINT_PTR)menu->m_hMenu, "Menu Name");
As for the message map, assuming all your menu item IDs are within a certain range, you can use ON_COMMAND_RANGEto map the entire range to a single function. This function will receive the ID as a parameter, and within the function, you can perform different operations based on the ID.
至于消息映射，假设您所有的菜单项 ID 都在某个范围内，您可以使用ON_COMMAND_RANGE将整个范围映射到单个函数。该函数将接收 ID 作为参数，在函数内，您可以根据 ID 执行不同的操作。
回答by ashwini hajgude
define the menu's using #define
#define ID_SHOW 2002
#define ID_HIDE 2004
//create a menu object for main menu
CMenu *menu = new CMenu();
menu->CreateMenu();
//another menu object for submenu
CMenu *subMenu = new CMenu();
subMenu->CreatePopupMenu();
subMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, ID_HIDE, _T("four"));
subMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, ID_SHOW, _T("three"));
//append submenu to menu
menu->AppendMenu(MF_POPUP|MF_STRING, (UINT)subMenu->m_hMenu, _T("Advanced") );
SetMenu(menu);
回答by user3706458
CMenu menuPopup;
menuPopup.LoadMenu(IDR_CNTXT_PLAN);
subMenu.CreatePopupMenu();
subMenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, MENU1,"Menu1");
subMenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, MENU2,"Menu2");
CMenu* pMenu = menuPopup.GetSubMenu(0);
pMenu->InsertMenu(0,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_POPUP,(UINT)subMenu.m_hMenu,"Layers");
menuPopup.GetSubMenu(0)->InsertMenu(1,MF_BYPOSITION|MF_SEPARATOR,0,"");
menuPopup.GetSubMenu(0)->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN, point.x, point.y, this);
回答by ReturnVoid
Following example if you wish to dynamically add menu item & also attach data to that menu item.
如果您希望动态添加菜单项并将数据附加到该菜单项，请参见以下示例。
struct MyStruct
{
int abc;
};
CMenu MyMenu;
MyMenu.CreatePopupMenu();
CMenu MyMainMenu;
VERIFY(MyMainMenu.LoadMenu(IDR_MAIN_MENU_ID));
MyMainMenu.InsertMenu(0, MF_POPUP, (UINT_PTR)MyMenu.m_hMenu, _T("Main Menu"));
const int iMenuAdds = 5;
for (int i = 0; i < iMenuAdds; ++i)
{
MyStruct myStruct;
myStruct.abc = i+10001;
CString MenuDesc;
MenuDesc.Format(_T("MenuNo: %d"), i);
MENUITEMINFO tmpItem;
tmpItem.fMask = MIIM_STRING | MIIM_ID | MIIM_DATA;
tmpItem.fType = MFT_STRING;
tmpItem.fState = MFS_ENABLED;
tmpItem.wID = i + 101; //See note 1. below.
tmpItem.dwItemData = (ULONG_PTR)&myStruct; //data set.
tmpItem.dwTypeData = MenuDesc.GetBuffer(); //string description
tmpItem.cch = MenuDesc.GetLength();
tmpItem.cbSize = sizeof(tmpItem);
MyMenu.InsertMenuItem(i, (LPMENUITEMINFO)& tmpItem, FALSE);
}
To retrieve menu item & associated data:
检索菜单项和相关数据：
CMenu* pPopup = &MyMenu; //or CMenu* pPopup = MyMainMenu.GetSubMenu(0); depending on parent.
ULONG_PTR lRetVal = pPopup->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RIGHTBUTTON | TPM_RETURNCMD, point.x, point.y, this, NULL);
//^^lRetVal should return same value as tmpItem.wID above.
MENUITEMINFO tmpItem;
tmpItem.cbSize = sizeof(MENUITEMINFO);
tmpItem.fMask = MIIM_STRING | MIIM_ID | MIIM_DATA;
tmpItem.fType = MFT_STRING;
TCHAR dwTypeData[256];
tmpItem.dwTypeData = dwTypeData;
tmpItem.cch = 256;
pPopup->GetMenuItemInfo(lRetVal, &tmpItem, FALSE);
MyStruct *myStruct = (MyStruct*)tmpItem.dwItemData; //and now we have our data.
- Used as your #define & can be used for ON_COMMAND_RANGE(idFirst, idLast, Function), so would still need to have some sort of defined range if you were planning on using ON_COMMAND_RANGE. Alternatively: use command range for dynamic menuor create your own within the data set. Also need to make sure any ranges used do not conflict with any already #defined menu items on the same or parent menu.
- 用作您的 #define & 可用于 ON_COMMAND_RANGE(idFirst, idLast, Function)，因此如果您计划使用 ON_COMMAND_RANGE，仍然需要有某种定义的范围。或者：使用动态菜单的命令范围或在数据集中创建您自己的。还需要确保使用的任何范围不与相同或父菜单上任何已#defined 的菜单项冲突。
Added above as I found this thread from googling due to an issue & I was already using the accepted answers method for adding menu items.
在上面添加，因为我由于问题从谷歌搜索中发现了这个线程，我已经在使用公认的答案方法来添加菜单项。
