node.js 如何在 node.exe 中使用 npm?

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时间:2020-09-02 14:31:37  来源:igfitidea点击:

How to use npm with node.exe?

windowsnode.jsnpm

提问by TN.

I have downloaded Windows Binary (.exe) of nodejs from the main page.

我已经从主页下载了 nodejs 的 Windows 二进制文件 (.exe) 。

How can I install and use npm(Node package manager)?

如何安装和使用npm(节点包管理器)?

采纳答案by TN.

npmcan be downloaded (without installation) from here:

npm可以从这里下载(无需安装):

http://nodejs.org/dist/npm/

http://nodejs.org/dist/npm/

https://github.com/npm/npm/releases

https://github.com/npm/npm/releases

回答by Tracker1

The current windows installer from nodejs.orgas of v0.6.11 (2012-02-20) will install NPM along with NodeJS.

v0.6.11(2012-02-20) 开始,来自nodejs.org的当前 Windows 安装程序将与NodeJS一起安装 NPM。

NOTES:

笔记:

  • At this point, the 64-bit version is your best bet
  • The install path for 32-bit node is "Program Files (x86)" in 64-bit windows.
  • You may also need to add quotes to the path statement in environment variables, this only seems to be in some cases that I've seen.
  • In Windows, the globalinstall path is actually in your user's profile directory
    • %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\npm
    • %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\npm-cache
    • WARNING: If you're doing timed events or other automation as a different user, make sure you run npm installas that user. Some modules/utilities should be installed globally.
    • INSTALLER BUGS: You may have to create these directories or add the ...\npmdirectory to your users path yourself.
  • 在这一点上,64 位版本是你最好的选择
  • 32 位节点的安装路径在 64 位窗口中为“Program Files (x86)”。
  • 您可能还需要在环境变量中的路径语句中添加引号,这似乎只是在我见过的某些情况下。
  • 在 Windows 中,全局安装路径实际上在您用户的配置文件目录中
    • %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\npm
    • %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\npm-cache
    • 警告:如果您以其他用户身份执行定时事件或其他自动化,请确保npm install以该用户身份运行。一些模块/实用程序应该全局安装。
    • 安装程序错误:您可能需要自己创建这些目录或将...\npm目录添加到您的用户路径中。


To change the "global" location for all users to a more appropriate shared global location %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\(npm|npm-cache)(do this as an administrator):

要将所有用户的“全局”位置更改为更合适的共享全局位置%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\(npm|npm-cache)(以管理员身份执行此操作):

  • create an [NODE_INSTALL_PATH]\etc\directory
    • this is needed before you try npm config --global ...actions
  • create the global (admin) location(s) for npm modules
    • C:\ProgramData\npm-cache- npm modules will go here
    • C:\ProgramData\npm- binary scripts for globally installed modules will go here
    • C:\ProgramData\npm\node_modules- globally installed modules will go here
    • set the permissions appropriately
      • administrators: modify
      • authenticated users: read/execute
  • Set global configuration settings (Administrator Command Prompt)
    • npm config --global set prefix "C:\ProgramData\npm"
    • npm config --global set cache "C:\ProgramData\npm-cache"
  • Add C:\ProgramData\npmto your System's Path environment variable
  • 创建[NODE_INSTALL_PATH]\etc\目录
    • 在您尝试npm config --global ...操作之前,这是必需的
  • 为 npm 模块创建全局(管理)位置
    • C:\ProgramData\npm-cache- npm 模块将放在此处
    • C:\ProgramData\npm- 全局安装模块的二进制脚本将放在此处
    • C:\ProgramData\npm\node_modules- 全局安装的模块将放在这里
    • 适当设置权限
      • 管理员:修改
      • 经过身份验证的用户:读取/执行
  • 设置全局配置设置(管理员命令提示符)
    • npm config --global set prefix "C:\ProgramData\npm"
    • npm config --global set cache "C:\ProgramData\npm-cache"
  • 添加C:\ProgramData\npm到系统的 Path 环境变量


If you want to change your user's "global" location to %LOCALAPPDATA%\(npm|npm-cache)path instead:

如果要将用户的“全局”位置更改为%LOCALAPPDATA%\(npm|npm-cache)路径:

  • Create the necessary directories
    • C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm-cache- npm modules will go here
    • C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm- binary scripts for installed modules will go here
    • C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm\node_modules- globally installed modules will go here
  • Configure npm
    • npm config set prefix "C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm"
    • npm config set cache "C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm-cache"
  • Add the new npm path to your environment's PATH.
    • setx PATH "%PATH%;C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm"
  • 创建必要的目录
    • C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm-cache- npm 模块将放在此处
    • C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm- 已安装模块的二进制脚本将放在此处
    • C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm\node_modules- 全局安装的模块将放在这里
  • 配置 npm
    • npm config set prefix "C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm"
    • npm config set cache "C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm-cache"
  • 将新的 npm 路径添加到您环境的PATH.
    • setx PATH "%PATH%;C:\Users\YOURNAME\AppData\Local\npm"


For beginners, some of the npm modules I've made the most use of are as follows.

对于初学者,我最常使用的一些 npm 模块如下。

More advanced JS options...

更高级的 JS 选项...

For testing, I reach for the following tools...

为了测试,我使用了以下工具......

  • mocha- testing framework
  • chai- assertion library, I like chai.expect
  • sinon- spies and stubs and shims
  • sinon-chai- extend chai with sinon's assertion tools
  • babel-istanbul- coverage reports
  • jest- parallel testing, assertions, mocking, coverage reports in one tool
  • babel-plugin-rewire- slightly easier for some mocking conditions vs. jest

Web tooling.

网络工具。

  • webpack- module bundler, package node-style modules for browser usage
  • babel- convert modern JS (ES2015+) syntax for your deployment environment.
  • webpack- 模块捆绑器,为浏览器使用打包节点样式的模块
  • babel- 为您的部署环境转换现代 JS (ES2015+) 语法。

If you build it...

如果你建造它...

  • shelljs- shell utilities for node scripts,. I used to use gulp/grunt, but these days will have a scriptsdirectory that's referenced in package.jsonscriptsvia npm. You can use gulp tools inside plain scripts.
  • shelljs- 用于节点脚本的 shell 实用程序。我曾经使用 gulp/grunt,但现在将有一个通过 npmscriptspackage.json脚本中引用的目录。您可以在普通脚本中使用 gulp 工具。

回答by Ashish Uttam

When Node.jsis not installed using the msi installer, npmneeds to be setup manually.

Node.js的使用未安装MSI安装NPM需要手动地设置。

setting up npm

设置 npm

First, let's say we have the node.exefile located in the folder c:\nodejs. Now to setup npm-

首先,假设我们有位于文件夹中的node.exe文件c:\nodejs。现在设置npm-

  1. Download the latest npmrelease from GitHub (https://github.com/npm/npm/releases)
  2. Create folders c:\nodejs\node_modulesand c:\nodejs\node_modules\npm
  3. Unzip the downloaded zip file in c:\nodejs\node_modules\npmfolder
  4. Copy npmand npm.cmdfiles from c:\nodejs\node_modules\npm\binto c:\nodejsfolder
  1. 从 GitHub ( https://github.com/npm/npm/releases)下载最新的npm版本
  2. 创建文件夹c:\nodejs\node_modulesc:\nodejs\node_modules\npm
  3. 将下载的 zip 文件解压到文件c:\nodejs\node_modules\npm夹中
  4. npmnpm.cmd文件复制c:\nodejs\node_modules\npm\binc:\nodejs文件夹

In order to test npm, open cmd.exechange working directory to c:\nodejsand type npm --version. You will see the version of npmif it is setup correctly.

为了测试npm,打开cmd.exe更改工作目录c:\nodejs并输入npm --version. 如果设置正确,您将看到npm的版本。

Once setup is done, it can be used to install/uninstall packages locally or globally. For more information on using npmvisit https://docs.npmjs.com/.

设置完成后,它可用于在本地或全局安装/卸载软件包。有关使用npm 的更多信息,请访问https://docs.npmjs.com/

As the final step you can add node's folder path c:\nodejsto the pathenvironment variable so that you don't have to specify full path when running node.exeand npmat command prompt.

作为最后一步,您可以将节点的文件夹路径添加c:\nodejspath环境变量中,这样您就不必在运行时node.exenpm在命令提示符下指定完整路径。

回答by Prashant

I just installed latest version of node (0.6.12) in Windows 7 using msi (node-v0.6.12.msi).

我刚刚使用 msi (node-v0.6.12.msi) 在 Windows 7 中安装了最新版本的节点 (0.6.12)。

npm is already shipped with it, no need to include it separately.

npm 已经随附,无需单独包含。

I was facing permission issue while running npm (npm install mysql), from the path where my nodejs resided, i.e. C:\Program Files (x86)\nodejs

我在运行 npm(npm install mysql)时遇到了权限问题,从我的 nodejs 所在的路径,即 C:\Program Files (x86)\nodejs

Then I followed below steps:

然后我按照以下步骤操作:

1) Added C:\Program Files (x86)\nodejs\npmin environment variables - Path system variable.

1)C:\Program Files (x86)\nodejs\npm在环境变量中添加- 路径系统变量。

2) went back to only C:\in command prompt and gave the command - npm install mysql- and voila! it worked..

2)只C:\在命令提示符下返回并给出命令 - npm install mysql- 瞧!有效..

Hope this helps.

希望这可以帮助。

回答by malte

I am running node.js on Windows with npm. The trick is simply use cygwin. I followed the howto under https://github.com/joyent/node/wiki/Building-node.js-on-Cygwin-(Windows). But make sure that you use version 0.4.11 of nodejs or npm will fail!

我正在使用 npm 在 Windows 上运行 node.js。诀窍是简单地使用 cygwin。我遵循了https://github.com/joyent/node/wiki/Building-node.js-on-Cygwin-(Windows)下的 howto 。但是请确保您使用 nodejs 的 0.4.11 版本,否则 npm 将失败!

回答by rism

I've just installed 64 bit Node.js v0.12.0 for Windows 8.1 from here. It's about 8MB and since it's an MSI you just double click to launch. It will automatically set up your environment paths etc.

我刚刚从这里安装了适用于 Windows 8.1 的 64 位 Node.js v0.12.0 。它大约有 8MB,因为它是一个 MSI,您只需双击即可启动。它将自动设置您的环境路径等。

Then to get the command line it's just [Win-Key]+[S]for search and then enter "node.js" as your search phrase.

然后要获取命令行,它仅[Win-Key]+[S]用于搜索,然后输入“node.js”作为您的搜索词组。

Choose the Node.js Command Promptentry NOT the Node.jsentry.

选择Node.js Command Prompt条目而不是Node.js条目。

Both will given you a command prompt but only the former will actually work. npm is built into that download so then just npm -whateverat prompt.

两者都会给你一个命令提示符,但只有前者才会真正起作用。npm 内置在该下载中,因此只需npm -whatever在提示符处即可。

回答by Christiaan Westerbeek

Use a Windows Package manager like chocolatey. First install chocolatey as indicated on it's homepage. That should be a breeze

使用像 Chocolatey 这样的 Windows 包管理器。首先按照主页上的指示安装巧克力。那应该是轻而易举的

Then, to install Node JS (Install), run the following command from the command line or from PowerShell:

然后,要安装 Node JS(安装),请从命令行或 PowerShell 运行以下命令:

C:> cinst nodejs.install

C:> cinst nodejs.install

回答by luff

Here is a guide by @CTS_AE on how to use NPM with standalone node.exe: https://stackoverflow.com/a/31148216/228508

这是@CTS_AE 关于如何将 NPM 与独立 node.exe 一起使用的指南:https://stackoverflow.com/a/31148216/228508

  1. Download the node.exe stand-alone from nodejs.org
  2. Grab an NPM release zip off of github https://github.com/npm/npm/releases
  3. Create a folder named: node_modules in the same folder as node.exe
  4. Extract the NPM zip into the node_modules folder
  5. Rename the extracted npm folder to npm and remove any versioning ie: npm-3.3.4 –> npm.
  6. Copy npm.cmd out of the /npm/bin/ folder into the root folder with node.exe
  1. 从 nodejs.org 下载 node.exe 单机版
  2. 从 github https://github.com/npm/npm/releases 获取NPM 发布 zip
  3. 在与 node.exe 相同的文件夹中创建一个名为:node_modules 的文件夹
  4. 将 NPM zip 解压到 node_modules 文件夹中
  5. 将提取的 npm 文件夹重命名为 npm 并删除任何版本控制,即:npm-3.3.4 –> npm。
  6. 用 node.exe 将 /npm/bin/ 文件夹中的 npm.cmd 复制到根文件夹中

回答by Sean

I just installed Node.js for the first time and it includes NPM, which can be ran from the Windows cmd. However, make sure that you run it as an administrator. Right click on cmd and choose "run as administrator". This allowed me to call npm commands.

我第一次安装了 Node.js,它包含 NPM,可以从 Windows cmd 运行。但是,请确保以管理员身份运行它。右键单击cmd并选择“以管理员身份运行”。这允许我调用 npm 命令。

回答by Bala Venkat

Search all .npmrc file in your system.

搜索系统中的所有 .npmrc 文件。

Please verify that the path you have given is correct. If not please remove the incorrect path.

请验证您提供的路径是否正确。如果不是,请删除不正确的路径。