监控磁盘分区使用情况的 bash 脚本
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16708242/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
bash script that monitor a disk partition's usage
提问by user121196
df shows
df 显示
-bash-4.1# df Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 1918217320 1783986384 36791092 98% / tmpfs 16417312 0 16417312 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 482214 148531 308784 33% /boot /dev/sdb1 1922858352 1373513440 451669312 76% /disk2
I need to bash script a function that returns 1 if an paritions become 100% full. how can this be done? what commands can I use to parse out the output of df?
如果分区变为 100% 满，我需要编写一个返回 1 的函数的 bash 脚本。如何才能做到这一点？我可以使用哪些命令来解析 df 的输出？
回答by Mike Q
Not a huge fan of excessive greps and awks as it can really bring errors over time..
不是过度的 grep 和 awks 的忠实粉丝，因为随着时间的推移，它确实会带来错误。
I would just get the information for the folders that matter. Below is a sample of using stat which will give you the available BYTES in a folder, then converts it to MB (10**6). I roughly tested this on my RHEL6.x system.
我只会获取重要文件夹的信息。下面是使用 stat 的示例，它将为您提供文件夹中的可用字节数，然后将其转换为 MB (10**6)。我在我的 RHEL6.x 系统上粗略地测试了这个。
folder_x_mb=$(($(stat -f --format="%a*%s" /folder_x)/10**6))
folder_y_mb=$(($(stat -f --format="%a*%s" /folder_y)/10**6))
folder_z_mb=$(($(stat -f --format="%a*%s" /folder_z)/10**6))
回答by l0b0
This should do it:
这应该这样做：
disks_space() {
! df -P | awk '{print }' | grep -Fqx '100%'
}
In other words, check if any of the lines in the fifth column of the POSIX dfoutput contains the exact string "100%".
换句话说，检查 POSIXdf输出的第五列中的任何行是否包含确切的字符串“100%”。
回答by V H
Probelm with percentage is if its a terrabyte disk 95% of that may still be lots of free gig - refer to the bottom script for actual disk space - the format 100 at the end of the example shows alert when it is below 100MB left on a partition
百分比问题是如果它的太字节磁盘 95% 可能仍然有很多免费演出 - 请参阅底部脚本以获得实际磁盘空间 - 示例末尾的 100 格式在剩余空间低于 100MB 时显示警报划分
diskspace.sh
磁盘空间.sh
#!/bin/sh
# set -x
# Shell script to monitor or watch the disk space
# It will send an email to $ADMIN, if the (free available) percentage of space is >= 90%.
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Set admin email so that you can get email.
ADMIN="root"
# set alert level 90% is default
ALERT=90
# Exclude list of unwanted monitoring, if several partions then use "|" to separate the partitions.
# An example: EXCLUDE_LIST="/dev/hdd1|/dev/hdc5"
EXCLUDE_LIST="/auto/ripper"
#
#::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
#
function main_prog() {
while read output;
do
echo $output
usep=$(echo $output | awk '{ print }' | cut -d'%' -f1)
partition=$(echo $output | awk '{print }')
if [ $usep -ge $ALERT ] ; then
if [ "$partition" == "/var" ]; then
# echo "Running out of space \"$partition ($usep%)\" on server $(hostname), $(date)"
echo "Running out of space \"$partition ($usep%)\" on server $(hostname), $(date)" | mail -s "Alert: Almost out of disk space $usep%" $ADMIN
# Extra bits you may wish to do -
#for FILE in `find $partition -size +1G -print`
#do
# echo $FILE
# DATE=`date +%Y-%m-%d_%H%M`
# filename=`echo ${FILE##*/}`
# mkdir /mnt/san/$hostname
# echo cp $FILE /mnt/san/$(hostname)/$filename-$DATE
# #echo > $FILE
#done
fi
fi
done
}
if [ "$EXCLUDE_LIST" != "" ] ; then
df -hP | grep -vE "^[^/]|tmpfs|cdrom|${EXCLUDE_LIST}" | awk '{print " " }' | main_prog
else
df -hP | grep -vE "^[^/]|tmpfs|cdrom"| awk '{print " " }' | main_prog
fi
Or you could use this style of check I put in place for nagios (using snmp to connect to a remote host)
或者您可以使用我为 nagios 设置的这种检查方式（使用 snmp 连接到远程主机）
snmp_remote_disk_auto
snmp_remote_disk_auto
#!/bin/bash
# This script takes:
# <host> <community> <megs>
snmpwalk="/usr/bin/snmpwalk"
snmpget="/usr/bin/snmpget"
function usage() {
echo "OK: / (1879 MB) /var (2281 MB) /tmp (947 MB) /boot (175 MB)|/=1879MB;;;0 /var=2281MB;;;0 /tmp=947MB;;;0 /boot=175MB;;;0
localhost public 100"
echo "where localhost is server"
echo "public is snmp pass"
echo "100 is when it reaches below a 100Mb"
echo "-----------------------------------"
echo "define threshold below limit specific for partitions i.e. boot can be 50mb where as /var I guess we want to catch it at around 1 gig so"
echo "#!/bin/sh
CHECK=$(df -Ph | grep '100%' | xargs echo | cut -d' ' -f5)
if [ "$CHECK" == "100%"]
then
echo 1
else
echo 0
fi
localhost public 1024"
}
server=;
pass=
limit=;
errors_found="";
partitions_found="";
lower_limit=10;
graphtext="|"
if [ $# -lt 3 ]; then
usage;
exit 1;
fi
# takes <size> <used> <allocation>
calc_free() {
echo " - * 1024 / 1024 / p" | dc
}
for partitions in $($snmpwalk -v2c -c $pass -Oq $server hrStorageDescr|grep /|egrep -v "(/mnt|/home|/proc|/sys)"|awk '{print $NF}'); do
if [[ $partitions =~ /boot ]]; then
limit=$lower_limit;
fi
if result=$($snmpwalk -v2c -c $pass -Oq $server hrStorageDescr | grep "$partitions$"); then
index=$(echo $result | sed 's/.*hrStorageDescr//' | sed 's/ .*//')
args=$($snmpget -v2c -c $pass -Oqv $server hrStorageSize$index hrStorageUsed$index hrStorageAllocationUnits$index | while read oid j ; do printf " $oid" ; done)
free=$(calc_free$args)
back_count=$(echo $partitions|grep -o "/"|wc -l)
if [[ $back_count -ge 2 ]]; then
gpartition=$(echo "/"${partitions##*/})
else
gpartition=$partitions;
fi
if [ "$free" -gt "$limit" ]
then
graphtext=$graphtext$gpartition"="$free"MB;;;0 "
#graphtext=$graphtext$partitions"="$free"MB;;;0 "
partitions_found=$partitions_found" $partitions ($free MB)"
else
graphtext=$graphtext$gpartition"="$free"MB;;;0 "
#graphtext=$graphtext$partitions"="$free"MB;;;0 "
errors_found=$errors_found" $partitions ($free MB)"
fi
else
graphtext=$graphtext$gpartition"="0"MB;;;0 "
#graphtext=$graphtext$partitions"="0"MB;;;0 "
errors_found=$errors_found" $paritions does_not_exist_or_snmp_is_not_responding"
fi
done
if [ "$errors_found" == "" ]; then
echo "OK: $partitions_found$graphtext"
exit 0
else
echo "CRITICAL: $errors_found$graphtext";
exit 2;
fi
./snmp_remote_disk_auto localhost public 100
./snmp_remote_disk_auto localhost public 100
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 92G 32G 56G 37% /
shmfs 98G 304K 98G 1% /dev/shm
192.168.1.1:/apache_cache 2.7T 851G 1.9T 32% /media/backup
/dev/dm-4 50G 49G 1.1G 98% /lun1
/dev/dm-7 247G 30G 218G 12% /lun2
回答by Edward Fitz Abucay
Here is a simple script to check if there are already disk that reached their maximum capacity and -- if there were it would return / output 1.
这是一个简单的脚本，用于检查是否已经有达到其最大容量的磁盘，如果有，它将返回/输出 1。
/dev/cciss/c0d0p1 92G 32G 56G 37% /
192.168.1.1:/apache_cache 2.7T 851G 1.9T 32% /media/backup
/dev/dm-4 50G 49G 1.1G 98% /lun1
回答by user3000921
Try this: df -Ph | grep -v "Use%" | sed 's/%//g' | awk '$5 > LIMIT {print $1,$2,$3,$4,$5"%";}' | column -t'
尝试这个： df -Ph | grep -v "Use%" | sed 's/%//g' | awk '$5 > LIMIT {print $1,$2,$3,$4,$5"%";}' | column -t'
It will return all df -Phentries that exceed the LIMIT
它将返回所有df -Ph超过LIMIT
For example, on my workstation, df -Phreturns:
例如，在我的工作站上，df -Ph返回：
df | perl -wne 'if(/(\d+)%\s+(.*)/){print " at %\n" if >90}'
Let's say I want to list the mount points that exceed 20% of capacity.
假设我想列出超过 20% 容量的挂载点。
I use df -Ph | grep -v "Use%" | sed 's/%//g' | awk '$5 > 20 {print $1,$2,$3,$4,$5"%";}' | column -t, and it returns the following:
我使用df -Ph | grep -v "Use%" | sed 's/%//g' | awk '$5 > 20 {print $1,$2,$3,$4,$5"%";}' | column -t，它返回以下内容：
df | perl -wne 'if(/(\d+)%\s+(.*)/){exit 1 if >99}'
The column -tpart is here purely for the output to be readable.
这column -t部分纯粹是为了输出可读。
回答by michas
How about something like:
怎么样：
##代码##You can change the threshold and instead of printing you can just exit:
您可以更改阈值，而不是打印，您可以退出：
##代码##