ios 如何在 Swift 中发出 HTTP 请求 + 基本身份验证

How to make an HTTP request + basic auth in Swift

提问by MrKos

I have a RESTFull service with basic authentication and I want to invoke it from iOS+swift. How and where I must provide Credential for this request?

我有一个带有基本身份验证的 RESTFull 服务，我想从 iOS+swift 调用它。我必须如何以及在何处为此请求提供凭证？

My code (sorry, I just start learn iOS/obj-c/swift):

我的代码（抱歉，我刚开始学习 iOS/obj-c/swift）：

class APIProxy: NSObject {
var data: NSMutableData = NSMutableData()

func connectToWebApi() {
    var urlPath = "http://xx.xx.xx.xx/BP3_0_32/ru/hs/testservis/somemethod"
    NSLog("connection string \(urlPath)")
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)
    var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
    let username = "hs"
    let password = "1"
    let loginString = NSString(format: "%@:%@", username, password)
    let loginData: NSData = loginString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
    let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(NSDataBase64EncodingOptions.fromMask(0))
    request.setValue(base64LoginString, forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

    var connection: NSURLConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)

    connection.start()
}


//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didFailWithError error: NSError!) {
    println("Failed with error:\(error.localizedDescription)")
}

//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connection(didReceiveResponse: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveResponse response: NSURLResponse!) {
    //New request so we need to clear the data object
    self.data = NSMutableData()
}

//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connection(connection: NSURLConnection!, didReceiveData data: NSData!) {
    //Append incoming data
    self.data.appendData(data)
}

//NSURLConnection delegate method
func connectionDidFinishLoading(connection: NSURLConnection!) {
    NSLog("connectionDidFinishLoading");
}

}

}

回答by Nate Cook

You provide credentials in a URLRequestinstance, like this in Swift 3:

您在一个URLRequest实例中提供凭据，就像在 Swift 3 中这样：

let username = "user"
let password = "pass"
let loginString = String(format: "%@:%@", username, password)
let loginData = loginString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!
let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedString()

// create the request
let url = URL(string: "http://www.example.com/")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("Basic \(base64LoginString)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

// fire off the request
// make sure your class conforms to NSURLConnectionDelegate
let urlConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)

Or in an NSMutableURLRequestin Swift 2:

或者在NSMutableURLRequestSwift 2 中：

// set up the base64-encoded credentials
let username = "user"
let password = "pass"
let loginString = NSString(format: "%@:%@", username, password)
let loginData: NSData = loginString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)!
let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedStringWithOptions([])

// create the request
let url = NSURL(string: "http://www.example.com/")
let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("Basic \(base64LoginString)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

// fire off the request
// make sure your class conforms to NSURLConnectionDelegate
let urlConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)

回答by Subhash

//create authentication base 64 encoding string

//创建认证base 64编码字符串

    let PasswordString = "\(txtUserName.text):\(txtPassword.text)"
    let PasswordData = PasswordString.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding)
    let base64EncodedCredential = PasswordData!.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(NSDataBase64EncodingOptions.Encoding64CharacterLineLength)
    //let base64EncodedCredential = PasswordData!.base64EncodedStringWithOptions(nil)

//create authentication url

//创建认证地址

    let urlPath: String = "http://...../auth"
    var url: NSURL = NSURL(string: urlPath)

//create and initialize basic authentication request

//创建并初始化基本认证请求

    var request: NSMutableURLRequest = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: url)
    request.setValue("Basic \(base64EncodedCredential)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")
    request.HTTPMethod = "GET"

//You can use one of below methods

//您可以使用以下方法之一

//1 URL request with NSURLConnectionDataDelegate

//1 个带有 NSURLConnectionDataDelegate 的 URL 请求

    let queue:NSOperationQueue = NSOperationQueue()
    let urlConnection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self)
    urlConnection.start()

//2 URL Request with AsynchronousRequest

//2 带有异步请求的 URL 请求

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue()) {(response, data, error) in
        println(NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding))
    }

//2 URL Request with AsynchronousRequest with json output

//2 URL Request with AsynchronousRequest with json output

    NSURLConnection.sendAsynchronousRequest(request, queue: NSOperationQueue.mainQueue(), completionHandler:{ (response: NSURLResponse!, data: NSData!, error: NSError!) -> Void in
        var err: NSError
        var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
        println("\(jsonResult)")
    })

//3 URL Request with SynchronousRequest

//3 带有同步请求的 URL 请求

    var response: AutoreleasingUnsafePointer<NSURLResponse?>=nil
    var dataVal: NSData =  NSURLConnection.sendSynchronousRequest(request, returningResponse: response, error:nil)
    var err: NSError
    var jsonResult: NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(dataVal, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers, error: nil) as NSDictionary
    println("\(jsonResult)")

//4 URL Request with NSURLSession

//4 使用 NSURLSession 请求 URL

    let config = NSURLSessionConfiguration.defaultSessionConfiguration()
    let authString = "Basic \(base64EncodedCredential)"
    config.HTTPAdditionalHeaders = ["Authorization" : authString]
    let session = NSURLSession(configuration: config)

    session.dataTaskWithURL(url) {
        (let data, let response, let error) in
        if let httpResponse = response as? NSHTTPURLResponse {
            let dataString = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
            println(dataString)
        }
    }.resume()

// you may be get fatal error if you changed the request.HTTPMethod = "POST" when server request GET request

// 如果您更改 request.HTTPMethod = "POST" 当服务器请求 GET 请求时，您可能会收到致命错误

回答by Amr

swift 4:

快速4：

let username = "username"
let password = "password"
let loginString = "\(username):\(password)"

guard let loginData = loginString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8) else {
    return
}
let base64LoginString = loginData.base64EncodedString()

request.httpMethod = "GET"
request.setValue("Basic \(base64LoginString)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")

回答by Sam Soffes

In Swift 2:

在 Swift 2 中：

extension NSMutableURLRequest {
    func setAuthorizationHeader(username username: String, password: String) -> Bool {
        guard let data = "\(username):\(password)".dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding) else { return false }

        let base64 = data.base64EncodedStringWithOptions([])
        setValue("Basic \(base64)", forHTTPHeaderField: "Authorization")
        return true
    }
}

回答by ingconti

go plain for SWIFT 3 and APACHE simple Auth:

为 SWIFT 3 和 APACHE simple Auth 简单化：

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, task: URLSessionTask,
                didReceive challenge: URLAuthenticationChallenge,
                completionHandler: @escaping (URLSession.AuthChallengeDisposition, URLCredential?) -> Void) {

    let credential = URLCredential(user: "test",
                                   password: "test",
                                   persistence: .none)

    completionHandler(.useCredential, credential)


}

回答by Rudest Buddhist

I had a similar problem trying to POST to MailGun for some automated emails I was implementing in an app.

我在尝试将一些我在应用程序中实现的自动电子邮件发布到 MailGun 时遇到了类似的问题。

I was able to get this working properly with a large HTTP response. I put the full path into Keys.plist so that I can upload my code to github and broke out some of the arguments into variables so I can have them programmatically set later down the road.

我能够通过大型 HTTP 响应使其正常工作。我将完整路径放入 Keys.plist 以便我可以将我的代码上传到 github 并将一些参数分解为变量，以便我可以在以后以编程方式设置它们。

// Email the FBO with desired information
// Parse our Keys.plist so we can use our path
var keys: NSDictionary?

if let path = NSBundle.mainBundle().pathForResource("Keys", ofType: "plist") {
    keys = NSDictionary(contentsOfFile: path)
}

if let dict = keys {
    // variablize our https path with API key, recipient and message text
    let mailgunAPIPath = dict["mailgunAPIPath"] as? String
    let emailRecipient = "[email protected]"
    let emailMessage = "Testing%20email%20sender%20variables"

    // Create a session and fill it with our request
    let session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()
    let request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: mailgunAPIPath! + "from=FBOGo%20Reservation%20%3Cscheduler@<my domain>.com%3E&to=reservations@<my domain>.com&to=\(emailRecipient)&subject=A%20New%20Reservation%21&text=\(emailMessage)")!)

    // POST and report back with any errors and response codes
    request.HTTPMethod = "POST"
    let task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {(data, response, error) in
        if let error = error {
            print(error)
        }

        if let response = response {
            print("url = \(response.URL!)")
            print("response = \(response)")
            let httpResponse = response as! NSHTTPURLResponse
            print("response code = \(httpResponse.statusCode)")
        }
    })
    task.resume()
}

The Mailgun Path is in Keys.plist as a string called mailgunAPIPath with the value:

Mailgun 路径在 Keys.plist 中是一个名为 mailgunAPIPath 的字符串，其值为：

https://API:key-<my key>@api.mailgun.net/v3/<my domain>.com/messages?

Hope this helps offers a solution to someone trying to avoid using 3rd party code for their POST requests!

希望这有助于为试图避免在 POST 请求中使用 3rd 方代码的人提供解决方案！

回答by Oliver Koehler

my solution works as follows:

我的解决方案如下：

import UIKit


class LoginViewController: UIViewController, NSURLConnectionDataDelegate {

  @IBOutlet var usernameTextField: UITextField
  @IBOutlet var passwordTextField: UITextField

  @IBAction func login(sender: AnyObject) {
    var url = NSURL(string: "YOUR_URL")
    var request = NSURLRequest(URL: url)
    var connection = NSURLConnection(request: request, delegate: self, startImmediately: true)

  }

  func connection(connection:NSURLConnection!, willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge challenge:NSURLAuthenticationChallenge!) {

    if challenge.previousFailureCount > 1 {

    } else {
        let creds = NSURLCredential(user: usernameTextField.text, password: passwordTextField.text, persistence: NSURLCredentialPersistence.None)
        challenge.sender.useCredential(creds, forAuthenticationChallenge: challenge)

    }

}

  func connection(connection:NSURLConnection!, didReceiveResponse response: NSURLResponse) {
    let status = (response as NSHTTPURLResponse).statusCode
    println("status code is \(status)")
    // 200? Yeah authentication was successful
  }


  override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

  }

  override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
    super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()

  }  
}

You can use this class as the implementation of a ViewController. Connect your fields to the IBOutlet annotated vars and your Button to the IBAction annotated function.

您可以使用此类作为 ViewController 的实现。将您的字段连接到 IBOutlet 注释变量，将您的 Button 连接到 IBAction 注释函数。

Explanation: In function login you create your request with NSURL, NSURLRequest and NSURLConnection. Essential here is the delegate which references to this class (self). For receiving the delegates calls you need to

说明：在函数登录中，您使用 NSURL、NSURLRequest 和 NSURLConnection 创建您的请求。这里必不可少的是引用这个类（self）的委托。要接收代表电话，您需要

• Add the protocol NSURLConnectionDataDelegate to the class
• Implement the protocols' function "connection:willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge" This is used for adding the credentials to the request
• Implement the protocols' function "connection:didReceiveResponse" This will check the http response status code

• 将协议 NSURLConnectionDataDelegate 添加到类中
• 实现协议的函数“connection:willSendRequestForAuthenticationChallenge”这用于向请求添加凭据
• 实现协议的函数“connection:didReceiveResponse”这将检查http响应状态代码

回答by Annu

I am calling the json on login button click

我在登录按钮单击时调用 json

@IBAction func loginClicked(sender : AnyObject){

var request = NSMutableURLRequest(URL: NSURL(string: kLoginURL)) // Here, kLogin contains the Login API.


var session = NSURLSession.sharedSession()

request.HTTPMethod = "POST"

var err: NSError?
request.HTTPBody = NSJSONSerialization.dataWithJSONObject(self.criteriaDic(), options: nil, error: &err) // This Line fills the web service with required parameters.
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type")
request.addValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept")

var task = session.dataTaskWithRequest(request, completionHandler: {data, response, error -> Void in
 //   println("Response: \(response)")
var strData = NSString(data: data, encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding)
println("Body: \(strData)")       
var err1: NSError?
var json2 = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(strData.dataUsingEncoding(NSUTF8StringEncoding), options: .MutableLeaves, error:&err1 ) as NSDictionary

println("json2 :\(json2)")

if(err) {
    println(err!.localizedDescription)
}
else {
    var success = json2["success"] as? Int
    println("Succes: \(success)")
}
})

task.resume()

}

Here, I have made a seperate dictionary for the parameters.

在这里，我为参数制作了一个单独的字典。

var params = ["format":"json", "MobileType":"IOS","MIN":"f8d16d98ad12acdbbe1de647414495ec","UserName":emailTxtField.text,"PWD":passwordTxtField.text,"SigninVia":"SH"]as NSDictionary
     return params
}