无法在 Ubuntu 中编译简单的 C++ 程序
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Cannot compile simple c++ program in Ubuntu
提问by Nick Schudlo
I tried to build a simple program in the terminal.
我试图在终端中构建一个简单的程序。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
printf("TESTING");
return 1;
}
I ran g++ -o test test.cpp
我跑了 g++ -o test test.cpp
The errors:
错误：
/usr/include/features.h:323:26: error: bits/predefs.h: No such file or directory
/usr/include/features.h:356:25: error: sys/cdefs.h: No such file or directory
/usr/include/features.h:388:23: error: gnu/stubs.h: No such file or directory
In file included from test.cpp:2:
/usr/include/stdlib.h:42:29: error: bits/waitflags.h: No such file or directory
/usr/include/stdlib.h:43:30: error: bits/waitstatus.h: No such file or directory
/usr/include/stdlib.h:320:49: error: sys/types.h: No such file or directory
In file included from test.cpp:2:
/usr/include/stdlib.h:35: error: ‘__BEGIN_DECLS' does not name a type
/usr/include/stdlib.h:102: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘;' token
/usr/include/stdlib.h:113: error: ‘__END_NAMESPACE_STD' does not name a type
/usr/include/stdlib.h:122: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘;' token
/usr/include/stdlib.h:140: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘extern'
/usr/include/stdlib.h:145: error: expected constructor, destructor, or type conversion before ‘extern'
/usr/include/stdlib.h:149: error: expected initializer before ‘__THROW'
/usr/include/stdlib.h:152: error: expected initializer before ‘__THROW'
/usr/include/stdlib.h:153: error: ‘__END_NAMESPACE_STD' does not name a type
/usr/include/stdlib.h:160: error: ‘__END_NAMESPACE_C99' does not name a type
/usr/include/stdlib.h:168: error: ‘__END_NAMESPACE_STD' does not name a type
The list continues this way. Im hoping someone can point out what I haven't done to make this work.
该列表以这种方式继续。我希望有人能指出我还没有做些什么来完成这项工作。
采纳答案by Nick Schudlo
SOLUTION: My path was empty due to some previous attempts at making it work. I created a clean path using:
解决方案：由于之前的一些尝试，我的路径是空的。我使用以下方法创建了一条干净的路径：
export PATH= /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
My problem after compiling was that the program wouldn't show any results. This was due to the fact that as a new linux user I didnt realize I needed to call a program with ./ in front. This can be set in the path as well by calling:
编译后我的问题是该程序不会显示任何结果。这是因为作为一个新的 linux 用户，我没有意识到我需要在前面调用一个带有 ./ 的程序。这也可以通过调用在路径中设置：
export PATH: $PATH:./
回答by Tom Kerr
Your code works for me with the same platform.
您的代码在同一平台上对我有用。
The error messages look like C errors. Perhaps using the C++ headers will help.
错误消息看起来像 C 错误。也许使用 C++ 头文件会有所帮助。
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
printf("TESTING");
return 0;
}
You may also have some weird aliases. Sometimes people setup gcc as an alias for g++ incorrectly.
您可能还有一些奇怪的别名。有时人们错误地将 gcc 设置为 g++ 的别名。
tom@flim:~$ set | grep g++
tom@flim:~$ alias grep
alias grep='grep --color=auto'
tom@flim:~$ alias g++
bash: alias: g++: not found
tom@flim:~$ which g++
/usr/bin/g++
tom@flim:~$ ll `which g++`
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 2011-08-14 02:17 /usr/bin/g++ -> g++-4.6*
tom@flim:~$ g++ --version
g++ (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.1-9ubuntu3) 4.6.1
Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
This is how I setup my dev environment in ubuntu:
这是我在 ubuntu 中设置开发环境的方式：
sudo apt-get install build-essential
This sets up all the standard C++ libraries without needing to know the knitty gritty details.
这将设置所有标准 C++ 库，而无需了解复杂的细节。
回答by dkinzer
I was having a very similar issue to this. In my case the issue was that I had some corrupted header files as evidenced by trying to view them:
我遇到了与此非常相似的问题。在我的情况下，问题是我有一些损坏的头文件，通过尝试查看它们来证明：
/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys$ cat * | grep "Input/outpu error"
cat: ioctl.h: Input/output error
cat: types.h: Input/output error
The solution for me was to purge these files and then re-install them.
我的解决方案是清除这些文件，然后重新安装它们。
sudo apt-get purge libc6-dev
sudo apt-get install libc6-dev
