如何使用 Linux 命令行发送 HTML 电子邮件
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How to send HTML email using linux command line
提问by Oleh Herych
I need to send email with html format. I have only linux command line and command "mail".
我需要发送 html 格式的电子邮件。我只有 linux 命令行和命令“mail”。
Currently have used:
目前使用过：
echo "To: [email protected]" > /var/www/report.csv
echo "Subject: Subject" >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "Content-Type: text/html; charset=\"us-ascii\"" >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "<html>" >> /var/www/report.csv
mysql -u ***** -p***** -H -e "select * from users LIMIT 20" dev >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "</html>" >> /var/www/report.csv
mail -s "Built notification" [email protected] < /var/www/report.csv
But in my mail-agent i get only plain/text.
但是在我的邮件代理中，我只得到纯文本/文本。
回答by ghostdog74
you should use "append" mode redirection >>instead of >
您应该使用“附加”模式重定向>>而不是>
回答by Simone Margaritelli
Try with :
尝试：
echo "To: [email protected]" > /var/www/report.csv
echo "Subject: Subject" >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "MIME-Version: 1.0" >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "Content-Type: text/html; charset=\"us-ascii\"" >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "Content-Disposition: inline" >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "<html>" >> /var/www/report.csv
mysql -u ***** -p***** -H -e "select * from users LIMIT 20" dev >> /var/www/report.csv
echo "</html>" >> /var/www/report.csv
mail -s "Built notification" [email protected] < /var/www/report.csv
回答by Marc B
The problem is that when redirecting a file into 'mail' like that, it's used for the message body only. Any headers you embed in the file will go into the body instead.
问题是，当像这样将文件重定向到“邮件”时，它仅用于邮件正文。您嵌入文件中的任何标题都将进入正文。
Try:
尝试：
mail --append="Content-type: text/html" -s "Built notification" [email protected] < /var/www/report.csv
--append lets you add arbitrary headers to the mail, which is where you should specify the content-type and content-disposition. There's no need to embed the Toand Subjectheaders in your file, or specify them with --append, since you're implicitly setting them on the command line already (-s is the subject, and [email protected] automatically becomes the To).
--append 允许您向邮件添加任意标题，您应该在此处指定内容类型和内容处置。无需在文件中嵌入To和Subject标头，或使用 --append 指定它们，因为您已经在命令行中隐式设置了它们（-s 是主题，[email protected] 自动变为To）。
回答by Dude
This worked for me:
这对我有用：
echo "<b>HTML Message goes here</b>" | mail -s "$(echo -e "This is the subject\nContent-Type: text/html")" [email protected]
回答by Magge
Very old question, however it ranked high when I googled a question about this.
很老的问题，但是当我用谷歌搜索一个关于这个的问题时，它排名很高。
Find the answer here:
在这里找到答案：
回答by Ole Tange
My version of mail does not have --appendand it too smart for the echo -e \n-trick (it simply replaces \n with space). It does, however, have -a:
我的邮件版本没有，--append而且它对于echo -e \n-trick来说太聪明了（它只是用空格替换了 \n）。然而，它确实有-a：
mail -a "Content-type: text/html" -s "Built notification" [email protected] < /var/www/report.html
回答by Eric Leschinski
Command Line
命令行
Create a file named tmp.htmlwith the following contents:
创建一个以tmp.html以下内容命名的文件：
<b>my bold message</b>
Next, paste the following into the command line (parentheses and all):
接下来，将以下内容粘贴到命令行（括号和全部）中：
(
echo To: [email protected]
echo From: [email protected]
echo "Content-Type: text/html; "
echo Subject: a logfile
echo
cat tmp.html
) | sendmail -t
The mail will be dispatched including a bold message due to the <b>element.
由于该<b>元素，将发送包含粗体消息的邮件。
Shell Script
外壳脚本
As a script, save the following as email.sh:
作为脚本，将以下内容另存为email.sh：
ARG_EMAIL_TO="[email protected]"
ARG_EMAIL_FROM="Your Name <[email protected]>"
ARG_EMAIL_SUBJECT="Subject Line"
(
echo "To: ${ARG_EMAIL_TO}"
echo "From: ${ARG_EMAIL_FROM}"
echo "Subject: ${ARG_EMAIL_SUBJECT}"
echo "Mime-Version: 1.0"
echo "Content-Type: text/html; charset='utf-8'"
echo
cat contents.html
) | sendmail -t
Create a file named contents.htmlin the same directory as the email.shscript that resembles:
contents.html在与email.sh脚本相同的目录中创建一个文件，类似于：
<html><head><title>Subject Line</title></head>
<body>
<p style='color:red'>HTML Content</p>
</body>
</html>
Run email.sh. When the email arrives, the HTML Contenttext will appear red.
运行email.sh。当电子邮件到达时，HTML Content文本将显示为红色。
Related
有关的
回答by jamesnotjim
On OS X (10.9.4), catworks, and is easier if your email is already in a file:
在 OS X (10.9.4) 上，cat如果您的电子邮件已经在一个文件中，则可以工作并且更容易：
cat email_template.html | mail -s "$(echo -e "Test\nContent-Type: text/html")" [email protected]
回答by loentar
With heirloom-mailx you can change sendmail program to your hook script, replace headers there and then use sendmail.
使用 heirloom-mailx，您可以将 sendmail 程序更改为您的钩子脚本，替换那里的标头，然后使用 sendmail。
The script I use (~/bin/sendmail-hook):
我使用的脚本 ( ~/bin/sendmail-hook)：
#!/bin/bash
sed '1,/^$/{
s,^\(Content-Type: \).*$,text/html; charset=utf-8,g
s,^\(Content-Transfer-Encoding: \).*$,bit,g
}' | sendmail $@
This script changes the values in the mail header as follows:
此脚本更改邮件标头中的值，如下所示：
Content-Type:totext/html; charset=utf-8Content-Transfer-Encoding:to8bit(not sure if this is really needed).
Content-Type:到text/html; charset=utf-8Content-Transfer-Encoding:到8bit（不确定这是否真的需要）。
To send HTML email:
发送 HTML 电子邮件：
mail -Ssendmail='~/bin/sendmail-hook' \
-s "Built notification" [email protected] < /var/www/report.csv
回答by Cromax
I was struggling with similar problem (with mail) in one of my git's post_receive hooks and finally I found out, that sendmail actually works better for that kind of things, especially if you know a bit of how e-mails are constructed (and it seems like you know). I know this answer comes very late, but maybe it will be of some use to others too. I made use of heredoc operator and use of the feature, that it expands variables, so it can also run inlined scripts. Just check this out (bash script):
我在我的一个 git 的 post_receive 钩子中遇到了类似的问题（邮件），最后我发现，sendmail 实际上更适合这类事情，特别是如果你知道一些电子邮件是如何构建的（并且它好像你知道）。我知道这个答案来得很晚，但也许对其他人也有用。我利用了heredoc 操作符并使用了它扩展变量的特性，因此它也可以运行内联脚本。只需检查一下（bash脚本）：
#!/bin/bash
recipients=(
'[email protected]'
'[email protected]'
# '[email protected]'
);
sender='[email protected]';
subject='Oh, who really cares, seriously...';
sendmail -t <<-MAIL
From: ${sender}
`for r in "${recipients[@]}"; do echo "To: ${r}"; done;`
Subject: ${subject}
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
<html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"/></head>
<body><p>Ladies and gents, here comes the report!</p>
<pre>`mysql -u ***** -p***** -H -e "SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 20"`</pre>
</body></html>
MAIL
Note of backticks in the MAIL part to generate some output and remember, that <<-operator strips only tabs (not spaces) from the beginning of lines, so in that case copy-paste will not work (you need to replace indentation with proper tabs). Or use <<operator and make no indentation at all. Hope this will help someone. Of course you can use backticks outside o MAIL part and save the output into some variable, that you can later use in the MAIL part — matter of taste and readability. And I know, #!/bin/bashdoes not always work on every system.
注意 MAIL 部分中的反引号以生成一些输出并记住，该<<-运算符仅从行的开头去除制表符（而不是空格），因此在这种情况下，复制粘贴将不起作用（您需要用适当的制表符替换缩进）。或者使用<<运算符并且根本不进行缩进。希望这会帮助某人。当然，您可以在 o MAIL 部分之外使用反引号并将输出保存到某个变量中，稍后您可以在 MAIL 部分中使用它 - 品味和可读性的问题。而且我知道，#!/bin/bash并不总是适用于每个系统。
