xml xsd:any 和 xsd:anyType 之间的差异/相似之处
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Difference/similarities between xsd:any and xsd:anyType
提问by user989812323
I am reading about XML, XML-Schema, DTD and I don't really understand the difference between xsd:anyand xsd:anyType.
我正在阅读有关 XML、XML-Schema、DTD 的内容，但我并不真正理解xsd:any和xsd:anyType之间的区别。
Can someone explain this to me or point to some good article? (please don't link to the XML-Schema specifications - I read that and I'm more confused)
有人可以向我解释这一点或指出一些好文章吗？（请不要链接到 XML-Schema 规范 - 我读过，但我更困惑）
TIA
TIA
回答by dogbane
This postexplains it nicely. I quote:
这篇文章很好地解释了它。我引用：
xsd:anyType is a type, like xsd:integer (though xsd:anyType is special in that it can act as a simple or complex type, and it places essentially no restrictions on the tree that it validates -- think of it loosely as the Schema language's analog of java.lang.Object).
A sample use would be:
xsd:anyType 是一种类型，就像 xsd:integer（尽管 xsd:anyType 的特殊之处在于它可以充当简单或复杂类型，并且它基本上对它验证的树没有任何限制——可以将它松散地视为模式语言类似于 java.lang.Object）。
示例用途是：
<xsd:element name="e" type="xsd:anyType"/>
This would mean that elements named
<e>can have any content, any attributes, etc.xs:any is a wildcard, usable as a term in a content model. For example:
这意味着命名的元素
<e>可以具有任何内容、任何属性等。xs:any 是通配符，可用作内容模型中的术语。例如：
<xsd:complexType name="T">
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element ref="A"/>
<xsd:any />
<xsd:element ref="C"/>
</xsd:sequence>
</xsd:complexType>
Elements of type T must have content
<A/><???/><C/>, where<???>can be any named element. Now, if you look really closely there is an approximation to the definition of xsd:anyType given for reference in the Recommendation, and it uses an xsd:any wildcard as the means of saying that it allows any elements.
类型 T 的元素必须具有 content
<A/><???/><C/>，其中<???>可以是任何命名元素。现在，如果您仔细观察，就会发现建议书中给出的用于参考的 xsd:anyType 的近似定义，它使用 xsd:any 通配符来表示它允许任何元素。
Also take a look at the XML Schema.
另请查看XML 架构。
回答by Benjamin Horstman
The mailing list post linked in dogbane's answer wasn't clear to me until I created the following example:
在创建以下示例之前，我不清楚在 dogbane 的回答中链接的邮件列表帖子：
With anyType schema:
使用 anyType 架构：
<xsd:complexType name="Outer">
<xsd:element name="e" type="xsd:anyType" />
</xsd:complexType>
Which allows this format:
这允许这种格式：
<Outer>
<e> // must be called "e"
// but anything can go inside
</e>
</Outer>
And with any schema:
并使用任何架构：
<xsd:complexType name="Outer">
<xsd:any />
</xsd:complexType>
Which allows this format:
这允许这种格式：
<Outer>
//anything can go inside
</Outer>
So anyType is a type, and any is an element
所以 anyType 是一个类型，而 any 是一个元素
