java 如何使用 maven 打包和运行具有依赖项的简单命令行应用程序?
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How do I package and run a simple command-line application with dependencies using maven?
提问by mdtsandman
I am brand new to both java and to maven, so this is likely very simple.
我对 java 和 maven 都是全新的,所以这可能非常简单。
If I follow the maven2 hello world
instructions here:
如果我按照hello world
这里的 maven2说明进行操作:
http://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/maven-in-five-minutes.html
http://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/maven-in-five-minutes.html
everything works OK. If I then alter pom.xml
to bring in a dependency from a remote repository, the files for this dependency get stored in ~/.m2/repository/new-dependency/
.
一切正常。如果我随后更改pom.xml
以从远程存储库引入依赖项,则此依赖项的文件将存储在~/.m2/repository/new-dependency/
.
Using the syntax in the hello world
instructions to run the application requires that I add the absolute path to the dependency to my classpath (either by setting the environment variable or via the command line switch):
使用说明中的语法hello world
来运行应用程序需要我将依赖项的绝对路径添加到我的类路径中(通过设置环境变量或通过命令行开关):
java -cp target/my-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar:/.../.m2/.../new-dependency.jar com.mycompany.app.App
This will obviously get unwieldy quickly :)
这显然会很快变得笨拙:)
I suspect that this is not the usual way of running a java program and that I just need to read more about .jar files, but while I am doing so I would appreciate any tips on how to do this properly.
我怀疑这不是运行 java 程序的常用方式,我只需要阅读更多关于 .jar 文件的信息,但是在我这样做的时候,我希望能得到有关如何正确执行此操作的任何提示。
I am not using an IDE, btw. vim from the command line.
顺便说一句,我没有使用 IDE。vim 从命令行。
Thanks!
谢谢!
Mike.
麦克风。
采纳答案by iruediger
You can make a jar executable by adding the Main-Class attribute to its manifest file. In Maven this is done by the archiver plugin. To add the Main-Class attribute, add this to your pom.xml:
您可以通过将 Main-Class 属性添加到其清单文件来使 jar 可执行文件。在 Maven 中,这是由归档插件完成的。要添加 Main-Class 属性,请将其添加到您的 pom.xml 中:
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
<mainClass>com.mycompany.app.App</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
You can now run your jar with the command: java -jar myjar.jar
or by double clicking on it (not available in all platforms).
您现在可以使用以下命令运行您的 jar:java -jar myjar.jar
或双击它(并非在所有平台上都可用)。
回答by Ryan
You can use maven itself to run it, I believe it sets the classpath for you.
您可以使用 maven 本身来运行它,我相信它会为您设置类路径。
mvn compile
will compile it then you run:
将编译它然后你运行:
mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="com.mycompany.app.App"
which will execute it.
这将执行它。
You can see http://www.vineetmanohar.com/2009/11/3-ways-to-run-java-main-from-maven/for some more info on ways to run (including passing command-line args to the thing you want to run)
您可以查看http://www.vineetmanohar.com/2009/11/3-ways-to-run-java-main-from-maven/以获取有关运行方式的更多信息(包括将命令行参数传递给你想跑的东西)
回答by sul
You can use the maven-shade-pluginwhich will create an executable uber war with all dependencies.
您可以使用maven-shade-plugin,它将创建一个具有所有依赖项的可执行 uber war。
OR
或者
Use the appassembler-pluginwhich creates a script that imports all dependencies and lets you execute a main class from the command line.
使用appassembler-plugin创建一个脚本,导入所有依赖项,并让您从命令行执行主类。
回答by dunni
If you want it simple for you and others, then you can generate a jar with all dependencies in it, using the maven-assembly-plugin. Example is here: http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/usage.html, section Execution: Building an Assembly
如果你想让你和其他人简单,那么你可以使用 maven-assembly-plugin 生成一个包含所有依赖项的 jar。示例在这里:http: //maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/usage.html,部分执行:构建程序集