我可以在环境变量中保存 git 凭据吗？
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Can I hold git credentials in environment variables?
提问by Jon Cram
I'd like to create a very simple shell script, which will ultimately be called by another application, that updates a local git repository:
我想创建一个非常简单的 shell 脚本，它最终将由另一个应用程序调用，它更新本地 git 存储库：
#!/bin/bash
cd
sudo git pull
When executing this I'm asked for credentials (I'm pulling from a private BitBucket repository).
执行此操作时，我被要求提供凭据（我从私有 BitBucket 存储库中提取）。
Can I ( briefly) store credentials in environment variables?
我可以（简要地）将凭据存储在环境变量中吗？
#!/bin/bash
export GIT_USERNAME=<user>
export GIT_PASSWORD=<pass>
cd
sudo git pull
The above doesn't work. Would anything? I could programmatically modify the origin url but that seems a bit execessive.
以上是行不通的。会什么吗？我可以以编程方式修改原始 url，但这似乎有点过分。
回答by Patryk ?ciborek
I know that it's very old question but if you really need to pass username and password for HTTP basic authentication you can just set helper like this:
我知道这是一个很老的问题，但如果你真的需要为 HTTP 基本身份验证传递用户名和密码，你可以像这样设置 helper：
git config credential.helper '!f() { sleep 1; echo "username=${GIT_USER}"; echo "password=${GIT_PASSWORD}"; }; f'
UPDATE: I've added sleep 1to the function. In some environments it may be probably needed due to race condition. I've got 2 virtual machines running Debian Jessie. They had the same architecture but different CPU and different number of cores. On one of these machines the helper was working fine without sleep. On the other one it wasn't. After few hours of debugging I run straceto see what's happening. And it magically started to work. stracejust made git a little bit slower.
更新：我已添加sleep 1到该功能中。在某些环境中，由于竞争条件，可能需要它。我有 2 台运行 Debian Jessie 的虚拟机。它们具有相同的架构，但不同的 CPU 和不同数量的内核。在其中一台机器上，助手在没有sleep. 在另一处不是。经过几个小时的调试后，我跑去strace看发生了什么。它神奇地开始工作。strace只是让 git 慢了一点。
回答by Mike Dotterer
You can set the username in the git config with:
您可以使用以下命令在 git config 中设置用户名：
git config credential.https://github.com.username $GIT_USER
Then you can set the GIT_ASKPASSenvironment variable to a script that will provide the password:
然后您可以将GIT_ASKPASS环境变量设置为将提供密码的脚本：
export GIT_ASKPASS=/path/to/git_env_password.sh
The contents of git_env_password.shwould be:
的内容git_env_password.sh将是：
#!/bin/bash
echo $GIT_PASSWORD
N.B: This will store the username in the git config, so if you are not okay with that use another solution.
注意：这会将用户名存储在 git config 中，因此如果您对此不满意，请使用其他解决方案。
For more info consult the gitcredentials man page.
有关更多信息，请参阅gitcredentials 手册页。
