如何使用 Ruby 或 Rails 从 URL 中提取 URL 参数？
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How to extract URL parameters from a URL with Ruby or Rails?
提问by Flackou
I have some URLs, like
我有一些网址，例如
http://www.example.com/something?param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3
and I would like to extract the parameters from these URLs and get them in a Hash. Obviously, I could use regular expressions, but I was just wondering if there was easier ways to do that with Ruby or Rails. I haven't found anything in the Ruby module URIbut perhaps I missed something.
我想从这些 URL 中提取参数并将它们放入哈希中。显然，我可以使用正则表达式，但我只是想知道使用 Ruby 或 Rails 是否有更简单的方法来做到这一点。我在 Ruby 模块中没有找到任何东西，URI但也许我错过了一些东西。
In fact, I need a method that would do that:
事实上，我需要一种方法来做到这一点：
extract_parameters_from_url("http://www.example.com/something?param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3")
#=> {:param1 => 'value1', :param2 => 'value2', :param3 => 'value3'}
Would you have some advices?
你有什么建议吗？
回答by Sniper
I think you want to turn any given URL string into a HASH?
我认为您想将任何给定的 URL 字符串转换为 HASH？
You can try http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib/libdoc/cgi/rdoc/classes/CGI.html#M000075
你可以试试http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib/libdoc/cgi/rdoc/classes/CGI.html#M000075
require 'cgi'
CGI::parse('param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3')
returns
回报
{"param1"=>["value1"], "param2"=>["value2"], "param3"=>["value3"]}
回答by Arthur Gunn
I found myself needing the same thing for a recent project. Building on Levi's solution, here's a cleaner and faster method:
我发现自己最近的一个项目需要同样的东西。基于 Levi 的解决方案，这里有一个更干净、更快捷的方法：
Rack::Utils.parse_nested_query 'param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3'
# => {"param1"=>"value1", "param2"=>"value2", "param3"=>"value3"}
回答by rtdp
Just Improved with Levi answer above -
刚刚改进了上面的 Levi 回答 -
Rack::Utils.parse_query URI("http://example.com?par=hello&par2=bye").query
For a string like above url, it will return
对于像上面的 url 这样的字符串，它会返回
{ "par" => "hello", "par2" => "bye" }
回答by alup
For a pure Ruby solution combine URI.parsewith CGI.parse(this can be used even if Rails/Rack etc. are not required):
对于纯 Ruby 解决方案，结合URI.parse使用CGI.parse（即使不需要 Rails/Rack 等也可以使用）：
CGI.parse(URI.parse(url).query)
# => {"name1" => ["value1"], "name2" => ["value1", "value2", ...] }
回答by Arup Rakshit
There more than one ways, to solve your problem. Others has shown you the some tricks. I know another trick. Here is my try :-
有不止一种方法可以解决您的问题。其他人已经向您展示了一些技巧。我知道另一个技巧。这是我的尝试：-
require 'uri'
url = "http://www.example.com/something?param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3"
uri = URI(url)
# => #<URI::HTTP:0x89e4898 URL:http://www.example.com/something?param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3>
URI::decode_www_form(uri.query).to_h # if you are in 2.1 or later version of Ruby
# => {"param1"=>"value1", "param2"=>"value2", "param3"=>"value3"}
Hash[URI::decode_www_form(uri.query)] # if you are below 2.1 version of Ruby
# => {"param1"=>"value1", "param2"=>"value2", "param3"=>"value3"}
Read the method docomentation of ::decode_www_form.
阅读方法文档::decode_www_form。
回答by Yarin
Check out the addressablegem - a popular replacement for Ruby's URI module that makes query parsing easy:
查看可寻址gem - Ruby URI 模块的流行替代品，使查询解析变得容易：
require "addressable/uri"
uri = Addressable::URI.parse("http://www.example.com/something?param1=value1¶m2=value2¶m3=value3")
uri.query_values['param1']
=> 'value1'
(It also apparently handles param encoding/decoding, unlike URI)
（它显然也处理参数编码/解码，与 URI 不同）
回答by kafuchau
In your Controller, you should be able to access a dictionary (hash) called params. So, if you know what the names of each query parameter is, then just do params[:param1]to access it... If you don't know what the names of the parameters are, you could traverse the dictionary and get the keys.
在您的控制器中，您应该能够访问名为params. 因此，如果您知道每个查询参数的名称，那么只需params[:param1]访问它...如果您不知道参数的名称，则可以遍历字典并获取键。
Some simple examples here.
这里有一些简单的例子。
