windows 批处理文件：将带有空格的参数传递给函数
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batch file: pass parameter with white spaces to function
提问by Matthias Pospiech
I am using a batch file for backups. I pass the options to a function which calls the packaging executable. This works unless the parameters contain whitespaces. This is the relevant code:
我正在使用批处理文件进行备份。我将选项传递给调用打包可执行文件的函数。除非参数包含空格，否则这有效。这是相关代码：
SET TARGET="%SAVEDIR%\XP.User.Documents.rar"
SET FILES="%DIRUSER%\Eigene Dateien\*"
SET EXLUCDE="%DIRUSER%\Documents\CDs"
call:funcBackup %TARGET% %FILES% %EXLUCDE%
:funcBackup
SET TARGET=%~1
SET FILES=%~2
SET EXCLUDE=%~3
echo."%PACKER% a -r -x"%EXCLUDE%" "%TARGET%" "%FILES%""
::call %PACKER% a -r -x"%EXCLUDE%" "%TARGET%" "%FILES%"
goto:eof
On XP(german version) %DIRUSER% expands to "Dokumente und Einstellungen"
在 XP（德语版）上 %DIRUSER% 扩展为“Dokumente und Einstellungen”
In that case TARGET is correct, but FILES == "Dokumente" and EXCLUDE == "und", which means that the script fails because of the whitespaces in %DIRUSER%.
在这种情况下 TARGET 是正确的，但 FILES == "Dokumente" 和 EXCLUDE == "und"，这意味着脚本由于 %DIRUSER% 中的空格而失败。
How can I fix this?
我怎样才能解决这个问题？
回答by jeb
The problem seems to be your style of assigning the variables.
I suppose you set the DIRUSER variable like the other ones
问题似乎出在您分配变量的风格上。
我想你像其他人一样设置 DIRUSER 变量
set DIRUSER="Dokumente und Einstellungen"
But the content of DIRUSER is then "Dokumente und Einstellungen", so the quotes are a part of the content.
但是 DIRUSER 的内容是 then "Dokumente und Einstellungen"，所以引号是内容的一部分。
But then SET FILES="%DIRUSER%\Eigene Dateien\*"expands to SET FILES=""Dokumente und Einstellungen"\Eigene Dateien\*".
但随后SET FILES="%DIRUSER%\Eigene Dateien\*"扩展到SET FILES=""Dokumente und Einstellungen"\Eigene Dateien\*".
You could use the extended style of set.set "var=content"This sets the content of varto contentwithout any quotes and also all appended spaces behind the last quote are ignored.
您可以使用set. set "var=content"这会将varto的内容设置为content不带任何引号，并且最后一个引号后面的所有附加空格都将被忽略。
So your code would be
所以你的代码是
set "SAVEDIR=D:\backup"
set "diruser=Dokumente und Einstellungen"
SET "TARGET=%SAVEDIR%\XP.User.Documents.rar"
SET "FILES=%DIRUSER%\Eigene Dateien\*"
SET "EXLUCDE=%DIRUSER%\Documents\CDs"
call:funcBackup "%TARGET%" "%FILES%" "%EXLUCDE%"
goto :eof
:funcBackup
SET "TARGET=%~1"
SET "FILES=%~2"
SET "EXCLUDE=%~3"
echo."%PACKER% a -r -x"%EXCLUDE%" "%TARGET%" "%FILES%"
::call %PACKER% a
goto :eof
回答by Costa
Switching your arg calls in the function from %~1, %~2and %~3to %~f1, %~f2and %~f3respectively should do the trick. It'll pass the fully qualified path name for each arg.
将函数中的 arg 调用分别从%~1、%~2和%~3切换到%~f1、%~f2和%~f3应该可以解决问题。它将为每个 arg 传递完全限定的路径名。
More info: http://www.windowsitpro.com/article/server-management/how-do-i-pass-parameters-to-a-batch-file-
更多信息：http: //www.windowsitpro.com/article/server-management/how-do-i-pass-parameters-to-a-batch-file-
