ipython pandas TypeError: read_csv() 得到了一个意外的关键字参数“delim-whitespace”
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ipython pandas TypeError: read_csv() got an unexpected keyword argument 'delim-whitespace''
提问by importError
While trying the ipython.org notebook, "INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON FOR DATA MINING"
在尝试 ipython.org 笔记本时，“数据挖掘 Python 简介”
The following code:
以下代码：
data = pd.read_csv("http://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/machine-learning-databases/auto-mpg/auto-mpg.data-original",
delim_whitespace = True, header=None,
names = ['mpg', 'cylinders', 'displacement', 'horsepower', 'weight', 'acceleration',
'model', 'origin', 'car_name'])
yields the following error:
产生以下错误：
TypeError: read_csv() got an unexpected keyword argument 'delim-whitespace'
Unfortunately the dataset file itself is not really csv, and I don't know why they used read_csv() to get its data.
不幸的是，数据集文件本身并不是真正的 csv，我不知道他们为什么使用 read_csv() 来获取其数据。
The data looks like this line:
数据看起来像这一行：
14.0 8. 454.0 220.0 4354. 9.0 70. 1. "chevrolet impala"
The environment is python/2.7 on Debian stable w/ ipython 0.13. After searching here, I realize it's mostly likely a version problem, as the argument 'delim-whitespace' maybe in a later version of the pandas library, than the one available to the APT package manager.
Debian 稳定版上的环境是 python/2.7，带有 ipython 0.13。在这里搜索后，我意识到这很可能是版本问题，因为参数“delim-whitespace”可能在 Pandas 库的更新版本中，而不是 APT 包管理器可用的版本。
I tried several workarounds, without success.
我尝试了几种解决方法，但都没有成功。
First, I tried to upgrade pandas, by building from latest source, but i found i would end up with a cascade of other builds of dependencies whose versions need upgrading and could end up breaking the environment. E.g., I had to install Cython, then it reported it was again a version too old on the APT package manager, so I would have to rebuild Cython, + other libs/modules and so on.
Then after looking at the API a bit, I tried using other arguments: using delimiter = ' ' in the call to read_csv() caused it to break up the strings inside quotes into several columns,
ValueError: Expecting 9 columns, got 13 in row 0I tried using the
read_csv()argumentquotechar='"', as documented in the API but again it was not recognized (unexpected keyword argument)Finally I tried using a different way to load the file,
data = DataFrame() data.from_csv(url)I got,
Out[18]: <class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'> Index: 405 entries, 15.0 8. 350.0 165.0 3693. 11.5 70. 1."buick skylark 320" to 31.0 4. 119.0 82.00 2720. 19.4 82. 1. "chevy s-10" Empty DataFrame In [19]: print(data.shape) (0, 9)alternatively, w/ sep argument to from_csv(),
In [20]: data.from_csv(url,sep=' ')yields the error,
ValueError: Expecting 31 columns, got 35 in row 1 In [21]: print(data.shape) (0, 9)Also alternatively, with the same negative result:
In [32]: data = DataFrame( columns = ['mpg', 'cylinders', 'displacement', 'horsepower', 'weight', 'acceleration','model', 'origin', 'car_name']) In [33]: data.from_csv(url,sep=', \t')Out[33]: <class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'> Index: 405 entries, 15.0 8. 350.0 165.0 3693. 11.5 70. 1."buick skylark 320" to 31.0 4. 119.0 82.00 2720. 19.4 82. 1. "chevy s-10" Empty DataFrame In [34]: data.head() Out[34]: Empty DataFrameI tried using ipython3 instead, but it cannot find/load matplotlib as there is not matplotlib for python3 for my system.
首先，我尝试通过从最新源构建来升级 pandas，但我发现我最终会得到一连串其他版本的依赖项，其版本需要升级并最终可能破坏环境。例如，我必须安装 Cython，然后它又报告说它在 APT 包管理器上的版本太旧了，所以我必须重建 Cython、+ 其他库/模块等等。
然后在稍微查看了 API 之后，我尝试使用其他参数：在对 read_csv() 的调用中使用 delimiter = ' ' 导致它将引号内的字符串分成几列，
ValueError: Expecting 9 columns, got 13 in row 0我尝试使用
read_csv()参数quotechar='"'，如 API 中所述，但再次无法识别（意外的关键字参数）最后我尝试使用不同的方式加载文件，
data = DataFrame() data.from_csv(url)我有，
Out[18]: <class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'> Index: 405 entries, 15.0 8. 350.0 165.0 3693. 11.5 70. 1."buick skylark 320" to 31.0 4. 119.0 82.00 2720. 19.4 82. 1. "chevy s-10" Empty DataFrame In [19]: print(data.shape) (0, 9)或者，使用 from_csv() 的 sep 参数，
In [20]: data.from_csv(url,sep=' ')产生错误，
ValueError: Expecting 31 columns, got 35 in row 1 In [21]: print(data.shape) (0, 9)或者，具有相同的负面结果：
In [32]: data = DataFrame( columns = ['mpg', 'cylinders', 'displacement', 'horsepower', 'weight', 'acceleration','model', 'origin', 'car_name']) In [33]: data.from_csv(url,sep=', \t')Out[33]: <class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'> Index: 405 entries, 15.0 8. 350.0 165.0 3693. 11.5 70. 1."buick skylark 320" to 31.0 4. 119.0 82.00 2720. 19.4 82. 1. "chevy s-10" Empty DataFrame In [34]: data.head() Out[34]: Empty DataFrame我尝试使用 ipython3，但它无法找到/加载 matplotlib，因为我的系统没有用于 python3 的 matplotlib。
Any help with this problem would be greatly appreciated.
对这个问题的任何帮助将不胜感激。
回答by Steve Howard
Oddly, the delim_whitespace parameter appears in the Pandas documentationin the method summary but not the parameters list. Try replacing it with delimiter = r'\s+', which is equivalent to what I assume the authors meant.
奇怪的是， delim_whitespace 参数出现在Pandas 文档的方法摘要中，但没有出现在参数列表中。尝试将其替换为delimiter = r'\s+'，这与我假设作者的意思相同。
CSV does refer to comma-separated values, but it's often used to refer to general delimited-text formats. TSV (tab-separated values) is another variant; in this case it's basically whitespace-separated values.
CSV 确实指的是逗号分隔的值，但它通常用于指代一般的分隔文本格式。TSV（制表符分隔值）是另一种变体；在这种情况下，它基本上是空格分隔的值。
回答by unutbu
Your code uses delim_whitespacebut the error message says delim-whitespace. The former exists, the latter does not.
您的代码使用delim_whitespace但错误消息显示delim-whitespace。前者存在，后者不存在。
If the data file contains
如果数据文件包含
14.0 8. 454.0 220.0 4354. 9.0 70. 1. "chevrolet impala"
and you define datawith
和定义data与
data = pd.read_csv('data', delim_whitespace = True, header=None, names = ['mpg', 'cylinders', 'displacement', 'horsepower', 'weight', 'acceleration', 'model', 'origin', 'car_name'])
then the DataFrame does get parsed successfully:
然后 DataFrame 确实被成功解析：
mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration model \
0 14 8 454 220 4354 9 70
origin car_name
0 1 chevrolet impala
So you just have change the hyphen to an underscore.
因此，您只需将连字符更改为下划线即可。
Note that when you specify delim_whitespace=True, the pure Python parser is used. In this case I don't think that is necessary. Using delimiter=r'\s+'as Steve Howard suggests would probably perform better. (The source code says, "The C engine is faster while the python engine is
currently more feature-complete", but I think the only featurethat the python engine has that the C engine does not is skipfooter.)
请注意，当您指定时delim_whitespace=True，将使用纯 Python 解析器。在这种情况下，我认为没有必要。delimiter=r'\s+'按照史蒂夫霍华德的建议使用可能会表现得更好。（源代码说，“C 引擎速度更快，而 Python 引擎目前功能更完整”，但我认为Python 引擎具有的唯一功能是 C 引擎没有skipfooter。）
