bash sudo echo "something" >> /etc/privilegedFile 不起作用

sudo echo "something" >> /etc/privilegedFile doesn't work

提问by David

This is a pretty simple question, at least it seems like it should be, about sudo permissions in Linux.

这是一个非常简单的问题，至少看起来应该是，关于 Linux 中的 sudo 权限。

There are a lot of times when I just want to append something to /etc/hostsor a similar file but end up not being able to because both >and >>are not allowed, even with root.

有很多的时候，我只是想将一些东西附加到/etc/hosts或类似的文件，但最终没有能够因为两者>并>>不准，甚至有根。

Is there someway to make this work without having to suor sudo suinto root?

有没有办法使这项工作无需su或sudo su进入根？

回答by Yoo

Use tee --appendor tee -a.

使用tee --append或tee -a。

echo 'deb blah ... blah' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

Make sure to avoid quotes inside quotes.

确保避免引号内的引号。

To avoid printing data back to the console, redirect the output to /dev/null.

为避免将数据打印回控制台，请将输出重定向到 /dev/null。

echo 'deb blah ... blah' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list > /dev/null

Remember about the (-a/--append) flag! Just teeworks like >and will overwrite your file. tee -aworks like >>and will write at the end of the file.

记住 ( -a/ --append) 标志！就像tee工作一样>，会覆盖你的文件。tee -a像>>并且会写在文件的末尾。

回答by Matt P

The problem is that the shell does output redirection, not sudo or echo, so this is being done as your regular user.

问题是 shell 执行输出重定向，而不是 sudo 或 echo，所以这是作为您的普通用户完成的。

Try the following code snippet:

尝试以下代码片段：

sudo sh -c "echo 'something' >> /etc/privilegedfile"

回答by Incident

The issue is that it's your shell that handles redirection; it's trying to open the file with yourpermissions not those of the process you're running under sudo.

问题是你的 shell 处理重定向；它试图用您的权限打开文件，而不是您在 sudo 下运行的进程的权限。

Use something like this, perhaps:

使用这样的东西，也许：

sudo sh -c "echo 'something' >> /etc/privilegedFile"

回答by Vinko Vrsalovic

sudo sh -c "echo 127.0.0.1 localhost >> /etc/hosts"

回答by agnul

Doing

正在做

sudo sh -c "echo >> somefile"

should work. The problem is that > and >> are handled by your shell, not by the "sudoed" command, so the permissions are your ones, not the ones of the user you are "sudoing" into.

应该管用。问题在于 > 和 >> 由您的 shell 处理，而不是由“sudoed”命令处理，因此权限是您的，而不是您“sudo”进入的用户的权限。

回答by msanford

I would note, for the curious, that you can also quote a heredoc (for large blocks):

我会注意到，出于好奇，您还可以引用一个 heredoc（对于大块）：

sudo bash -c "cat <<EOIPFW >> /etc/ipfw.conf
<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>

<plist version=\"1.0\">
  <dict>
    <key>Label</key>
    <string>com.company.ipfw</string>
    <key>Program</key>
    <string>/sbin/ipfw</string>
    <key>ProgramArguments</key>
    <array>
      <string>/sbin/ipfw</string>
      <string>-q</string>
      <string>/etc/ipfw.conf</string>
    </array>
    <key>RunAtLoad</key>
    <true></true>
  </dict>
</plist>
EOIPFW"

回答by Vytenis Bivainis

In bash you can use teein combination with > /dev/nullto keep stdout clean.

在 bash 中，您可以tee与 结合使用> /dev/null以保持标准输出干净。

 echo "# comment" |  sudo tee -a /etc/hosts > /dev/null

回答by hololeap

Using Yoo's answer, put this in your ~/.bashrc:

使用Yoo 的回答，将其放入您的~/.bashrc：

sudoe() {
    [[ "$#" -ne 2 ]] && echo "Usage: sudoe <text> <file>" && return 1
    echo "" | sudo tee --append "" > /dev/null
}

Now you can run sudoe 'deb blah # blah' /etc/apt/sources.list

现在你可以运行 sudoe 'deb blah # blah' /etc/apt/sources.list

---

---

Edit:

编辑：

A more complete version which allows you to pipe input in or redirect from a file and includes a -aswitch to turn off appending (which is on by default):

一个更完整的版本，它允许您通过管道输入文件或从文件重定向，并包含一个-a关闭附加的开关（默认情况下打开）：

sudoe() {
  if ([[ "" == "-a" ]] || [[ "" == "--no-append" ]]); then
    shift &>/dev/null || local failed=1
  else
    local append="--append"
  fi

  while [[ $failed -ne 1 ]]; do
    if [[ -t 0 ]]; then
      text=""; shift &>/dev/null || break
    else
      text="$(cat <&0)"
    fi

    [[ -z "" ]] && break
    echo "$text" | sudo tee $append "" >/dev/null; return $?
  done

  echo "Usage: 
echo 'Add this line' | sudo sponge -a privfile
 [-a|--no-append] [text] <file>"; return 1
}

回答by Michael Goldshteyn

You can also use spongefrom the moreutilspackage and not need to redirect the output (i.e., no teenoise to hide):

您还可以sponge从moreutils包中使用而不需要重定向输出（即，没有tee隐藏的噪音）：

##代码##

回答by Sudev Shetty

echo 'Hello World' | (sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list)

echo '你好世界' | (sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list)