bash 使用 shell 脚本在 docker 容器内运行脚本
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Running a script inside a docker container using shell script
提问by zappy
I am trying to create a shell script for setting up a docker container. My script file looks like:
我正在尝试创建一个用于设置 docker 容器的 shell 脚本。我的脚本文件如下所示：
#!bin/bash
docker run -t -i -p 5902:5902 --name "mycontainer" --privileged myImage:new /bin/bash
Running this script file will run the container in a newly invoked bash.
运行此脚本文件将在新调用的 bash 中运行容器。
Now I need to run a script file (test.sh)which is already inside container from the above given shell script.(eg: cd /path/to/test.sh && ./test.sh) How to do that?
现在我需要运行一个脚本文件（test.sh），它已经在上面给定的 shell 脚本中的容器内。（例如：cd /path/to/test.sh && ./test.sh）怎么做？
回答by Javier Cortejoso
You can run a command in a running container using docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]:
您可以使用以下命令在正在运行的容器中运行命令docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]：
docker exec mycontainer /path/to/test.sh
And to run from a bash session:
并从 bash 会话运行：
docker exec -it mycontainer /bin/bash
And from there you can run your script or whatever.
从那里你可以运行你的脚本或其他任何东西。
回答by Cyclops
Assuming that your docker container is up and running, you can run commands as:
假设您的 docker 容器已启动并正在运行，您可以运行以下命令：
docker exec mycontainer /bin/sh -c "cmd1;cmd2;...;cmdn"
回答by tojo
I was searching an answer for this same question and found ENTRYPOINT in Dockerfilesolution for me.
我正在寻找相同问题的答案，并在 Dockerfile解决方案中为我找到了ENTRYPOINT。
Dockerfile
文件
...
ENTRYPOINT /my-script.sh ; /my-script2.sh ; /bin/bash
Now the scripts are executed when I start the container and I get the bash prompt after the scripts has been executed.
现在脚本在我启动容器时执行，并且在脚本执行后我得到 bash 提示。
回答by Devpool
You could also mount a local directory into your docker image and source the script in your .bashrc. Don't forget the script has to consist of functions unless you want it to execute on every new shell. (This is outdated see the update notice.)
您还可以将本地目录挂载到 docker 映像中，并在.bashrc. 不要忘记脚本必须由函数组成，除非您希望它在每个新 shell 上执行。（这是过时的，请参阅更新通知。）
I'm using this solution to be able to update the script outside of the docker instance. This way I don't have to rerun the image if changes occur, I just open a new shell. (Got rid of reopening a shell - see the update notice)
我正在使用此解决方案来更新 docker 实例之外的脚本。这样我就不必在发生更改时重新运行图像，我只需打开一个新外壳。（摆脱了重新打开外壳 - 请参阅更新通知）
Here is how you bind your current directory:
以下是绑定当前目录的方法：
docker run -it -v $PWD:/scripts $my_docker_build /bin/bash
Now your current directory is bound to /scriptsof your docker instance.
现在您的当前目录绑定到/scripts您的 docker 实例。
(Outdated)
To save your .bashrcchanges commit your working image with this command:
（过时）要保存.bashrc更改，请使用以下命令提交工作映像：
docker commit $container_id $my_docker_build
Update
更新
To solve the issue to open up a new shell for every change I now do the following:
为了解决为每次更改打开一个新 shell 的问题，我现在执行以下操作：
In the dockerfile itself I add RUN echo "/scripts/bashrc" > /root/.bashrc". Inside zshrcI export the scripts directory to the path. The scripts directory now contains multiple files instead of one. Now I can directly call all scripts without having open a sub shell on every change.
在 dockerfile 本身中，我添加了RUN echo "/scripts/bashrc" > /root/.bashrc". 在里面，zshrc我将脚本目录导出到路径。脚本目录现在包含多个文件而不是一个。现在我可以直接调用所有脚本，而无需在每次更改时打开子 shell。
BTW you can define the history file outside of your container too. This way it's not necessary to commit on a bash change anymore.
顺便说一句，您也可以在容器之外定义历史文件。这样就不再需要提交 bash 更改了。
回答by Thomio
In case you don't want (or have) a running container, you can call your script directly with the runcommand.
如果您不想要（或拥有）正在运行的容器，您可以直接使用该run命令调用您的脚本。
Remove the iterative tty -i -targuments and use this:
删除迭代 tty-i -t参数并使用：
$ docker run ubuntu:bionic /bin/bash /path/to/script.sh
This will (didn't test) also work for other scripts:
这将（未测试）也适用于其他脚本：
$ docker run ubuntu:bionic /usr/bin/python /path/to/script.py
回答by Boris
Have a look at entry points too. You will be able to use multiple CMD https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#/entrypoint
也看看入口点。您将能够使用多个 CMD https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#/entrypoint
回答by DMin
If you want to run the same command on multiple instances you can do this :
如果你想在多个实例上运行相同的命令，你可以这样做：
for i in c1 dm1 dm2 ds1 ds2 gtm_m gtm_sl; do docker exec -it $i /bin/bash -c "service sshd start"; done
