Html 您如何确定网站建立在什么技术上？
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How do you determine what technology a website is built on?
提问by Mat
Quite often I come across a nice looking or functional website, and wonder what technology was used to create it. What techniques are available to figure out what a particular website was built with?
我经常遇到一个外观漂亮或功能强大的网站，并想知道使用什么技术来创建它。可以使用哪些技术来确定特定网站是用什么构建的？
Few frameworks seem to include any kind of generator meta tag like web editors do. Are there any tell-tale signs of particular languages and/or frameworks?
似乎很少有框架像 Web 编辑器那样包含任何类型的生成器元标记。是否有任何特定语言和/或框架的迹象？
Summary of answers
答案摘要
Site URLs may betray the framework and/or programming language but cannot be relied upon (e.g. file extensions such as .asp). HTTP response headers, cookies, stylesheets and source comments may also give clues.
站点 URL 可能会背叛框架和/或编程语言，但不能被依赖（例如文件扩展名，如 .asp）。HTTP 响应头、cookie、样式表和源注释也可能提供线索。
Some nice tools for querying site details (no doubt there are many more):
一些用于查询站点详细信息的好工具（毫无疑问还有更多）：
Firefox addons:
火狐插件：
- Wappalyzer- CMS, frameworks/libraries, e-commerce, message boards etc.
- Domain Details- IP, country and webserver details
- Library Detector- Javascript libraries in use
- Wappalyzer- CMS、框架/库、电子商务、留言板等。
- 域详细信息- IP、国家和网络服务器详细信息
- 库检测器- 正在使用的 Javascript 库
Chrome Extensions:
Chrome 扩展程序：
Bookmarklets:
书签：
- WTFramework- shows Javascript framework in use
- WTFramework- 显示正在使用的 Javascript 框架
采纳答案by Andy Hume
There are all sorts of things you can look out for, but it doesn't really give you any certainty as to the technology behind a site. In general, information like that is something people will want to hide, as the more information that is exposed the easier it might be for malicious parties to identify security vulnerabilities or denial of service holes.
您可以寻找各种各样的东西，但它并不能真正让您确定网站背后的技术。通常，人们希望隐藏此类信息，因为暴露的信息越多，恶意方就越容易识别安全漏洞或拒绝服务漏洞。
If I was interested I'd probably look, in no particular order, at:
如果我有兴趣，我可能会按顺序查看：
- urls, and file extensions.
- HTTP response headers
- Source code for comments, or standard JS libraries
- 网址和文件扩展名。
- HTTP 响应头
- 注释的源代码，或标准的 JS 库
Incidentally, the tools mentioned in other answers are only looking at some of the above properties of the site for you, albeit automatically, and slightly quicker. :)
顺便说一句，其他答案中提到的工具只是为您查看网站的上述某些属性，尽管是自动的，而且速度稍快一些。:)
回答by Kim Stebel
You could use http://builtwith.comto figure out which server and programming language was used. For example it told me that SO uses IIS7, google analytics, html4 and utf8.
您可以使用http://builtwith.com找出使用的服务器和编程语言。例如，它告诉我 SO 使用 IIS7、谷歌分析、html4 和 utf8。
If you want to know the framework...well that will probably not be possible just from looking at the site. Why don't you write them an email? ;)
如果您想了解框架……那么仅通过查看站点可能无法实现。你为什么不给他们写一封电子邮件？;)
回答by balexandre
I use 1 plug in for Firefox that gives me the IP and country for the hosting website and it's Web Server name called Domain Details, and for javascript framework I use WTFramework
我为 Firefox 使用了 1 个插件，它为我提供了托管网站的 IP 和国家/地区以及名为Domain Details的 Web 服务器名称，对于 javascript 框架，我使用WTFramework
I still need to wonder what script it was written on, but it is a start :)
我仍然需要想知道它是用什么脚本编写的，但这是一个开始:)
Hope it helps.
希望能帮助到你。
P.S. the output will be something like this:
PS输出将是这样的：
alt text http://img88.imageshack.us/img88/2505/200812282328ha0.png
替代文字 http://img88.imageshack.us/img88/2505/200812282328ha0.png
回答by Mel
URLs can give a lot of clues, especially with Content Management Systems.
URL 可以提供很多线索，尤其是对于内容管理系统。
For example "http://abcxyz.com/node/46" looks a lot like Drupal.
例如，“ http://abcxyz.com/节点/ 46”看起来很像Drupal的。
Also many frameworks have standard JavaScript and CSS files they use.
许多框架也有它们使用的标准 JavaScript 和 CSS 文件。
回答by AmbroseChapel
Some people might even deliberately obscure the technology they use. After all, it wouldn't take me long to tweak apache so that ".asp" actually ran perl scripts and put "powered by Microsoft IIS" into my footer despite the fact I used MySQL.
有些人甚至可能故意掩盖他们使用的技术。毕竟，我不会花很长时间调整 apache 以便“.asp”实际上运行 perl 脚本并将“由 Microsoft IIS 提供支持”放入我的页脚，尽管我使用的是 MySQL。
That way you'd spend all your time trying to hack my site using vulnerabilities it doesn't actually have.
这样你就会花所有的时间试图利用它实际上没有的漏洞来破解我的网站。
回答by Jeremy Mack
Check out Chrome Sniffer, a great light-weight solution.
查看Chrome Sniffer，这是一个很棒的轻量级解决方案。
回答by rooskie
Examining the cookies the site gives can reveal the underlying framework. CodeIgniter, for example defaults to a telltale ci_sessions cookie. Sites using PEAR Auth will do something similar.
检查站点提供的 cookie 可以揭示底层框架。例如，CodeIgniter 默认为一个告密的 ci_sessions cookie。使用 PEAR Auth 的站点会做类似的事情。
回答by Andrey
I use WebParser (http://www.cybermake.com) that allows to determine the CMS used by a website. It allows to determine CMS for multiple websites as well as it can pull the list of websites from the search engines for a given list of keywords. Powerful tool.
我使用允许确定网站使用的 CMS 的WebParser ( http://www.cybermake.com)。它允许为多个网站确定 CMS，并且它可以从搜索引擎中提取给定关键字列表的网站列表。功能强大的工具。
回答by matt burns
http://guess.scritch.org/does this for CMSs.
http://guess.scritch.org/为 CMS 执行此操作。
Just pop in the URL and it'll try to guess the CMS. In this case it tells me my blog is running wordpress 3.4.2 (which is correct, I just checked!)
只需弹出 URL，它就会尝试猜测 CMS。在这种情况下，它告诉我我的博客正在运行 wordpress 3.4.2（这是正确的，我刚刚检查过！）
回答by Robert Rostomyan
You could use http://builtbased.com/to figure out which server, framework and programming language was used.
您可以使用http://builtbased.com/找出使用的服务器、框架和编程语言。
