bash Unix 脚本查找目录中的所有文件夹，然后 tar 并移动它们

Unix script to find all folders in the directory, then tar and move them

提问by Shenna

Basically I need to run a Unix script to find all folders in the directory /fss/fin, if it exists; then I have tar it and move to another directory /fs/fi.

基本上，我需要运行一个 Unix 脚本来查找目录 /fss/fin 中的所有文件夹（如果存在）；然后我将它 tar 并移动到另一个目录 /fs/fi。

This is my command so far:

到目前为止，这是我的命令：

find /fss/fin -type d -name  "essbase" -print

Here I have directly mentioned the folder name essbase. But instead, I would like to find all the folders in the /fss/finand use them all.

这里我直接提到了文件夹名称essbase。但相反，我想找到 中的所有文件夹/fss/fin并全部使用它们。

How do I find all folders in the /fss/findirectory & tar them to move them to /fs/fi?

如何找到/fss/fin目录中的所有文件夹并将它们压缩以将它们移动到/fs/fi？

Clarification 1:

说明 1：

Yes I need to find only all folders in the directory /fss/findirectory using a Unix shell script and tar them to another directory /fs/fi.

是的，我只需要/fss/fin使用 Unix shell 脚本查找目录目录中的所有文件夹，然后将它们 tar 到另一个目录/fs/fi。

Clarification 2:

说明二：

I want to make it clear with the requirement. The Shell Script should contain:

1. Find all the folders in the directory /fss/fin
2. Tar the folders
3. Move the folders in another directory /fs/fiwhich is located on the server s11003232sz.net
4. On user requests it should untar the Folders and move them back to the orignal directory /fss/fin

我想把要求说清楚。Shell 脚本应包含：

1. 查找目录中的所有文件夹 /fss/fin
2. 压缩文件夹
3. 移动/fs/fi位于服务器上的另一个目录中的文件夹s11003232sz.net
4. 根据用户请求，它应该解压缩文件夹并将它们移回原始目录 /fss/fin

回答by Chris Hough

here is an example I am working with that may lead you in the correct direction

这是我正在使用的一个示例，它可能会引导您走向正确的方向

BackUpDIR="/srv/backup/"
SrvDir="/srv/www/"
DateStamp=$(date +"%Y%m%d");

for Dir in $(find $SrvDir* -maxdepth 0 -type d ); 
do
    FolderName=$(basename $Dir);
    tar zcf "$BackUpDIR$DateStamp.$FolderName.tar.gz" -P $Dir
done

回答by Jonathan Leffler

Since tardoes directories automatically, you really don't need to do very much. Assuming GNU tar:

由于tar目录会自动执行，因此您实际上不需要做太多事情。假设GNU tar：

tar -C /fss/fin -cf - essbase |
tar -C /fs/fi   -xf -

The '-C' option changes directory before operating. The first tarwrites to standard output (the lone '-') everything found in the essbasedirectory. The output of that taris piped to the second tar, which reads its standard input (the lone '-'; fun isn't it!).

' -C' 选项在操作前更改目录。第一个tar写入标准输出（单独的“-”）在essbase目录中找到的所有内容。其输出通过tar管道传输到第二个tar，后者读取其标准输入（唯一的“-”；不是很有趣！）。

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Assuming GNU find, you can also do:

假设 GNU 找到，您还可以执行以下操作：

(cd /fss/fin; tar -cf - $(find . -maxdepth 1 -type d | sed '/^\.$/d')) |
              tar -xf - -C /fs/fi

This changes directory to the source directory; it runs 'find' with a maximum depth of 1 to find the directories and removes the current directory from the list with 'sed'; the first 'tar' then writes the output to the second one, which is the same as before (except I switched the order of the arguments to emphasize the parallelism between the two invocations).

这会将目录更改为源目录；它运行最大深度为 1 的 'find' 以查找目录并使用 'sed' 从列表中删除当前目录；然后第一个 'tar' 将输出写入第二个，这与之前相同（除了我切换了参数的顺序以强调两次调用之间的并行性）。

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If your top-level directories (those actually in /fss/fin) have spaces in the names, then there is more work to do again - I'm assuming none of the directories to be backed up start with a '.':

如果您的顶级目录（实际上在 /fss/fin 中的目录）在名称中有空格，那么还有更多工作要做 - 我假设要备份的目录都没有以“.”开头：

(cd /fss/fin; find * -maxdepth 0 -type d -print 0 | xargs -0 tar -cf -) |
 tar -xf - -C /fs/fi

This weeds out the non-directories from the list generated by '*', and writes them with NUL '\0' (zero bytes) marking the end of each name (instead of a newline). The output is written to 'xargs', which is configured to expect the NUL-terminated names, and it runs 'tar' with the correct directory names. The output of this ensemble is sent to the second tar, as before.

这会从由 '*' 生成的列表中清除非目录，并用 NUL '\0'（零字节）标记每个名称的结尾（而不是换行符）写入它们。输出被写入'xargs'，它被配置为期望以NUL 结尾的名称，并使用正确的目录名称运行'tar'。和以前一样，这个集合的输出被发送到第二个 tar。

If you have directory names starting with a '.' to collect, then add '.[a-z]*' or another suitable pattern after the '*'; it is crucial that what you use does not list '.' or '..'. If you have names starting with dashes in the directory, then you need to use './*' and './.[a-z]*'.

如果您的目录名称以“.”开头 收集，然后.[a-z]*在 '*' 后添加 ' ' 或其他合适的模式；至关重要的是，您使用的内容不要列出“。” 或者 '..'。如果目录中有以破折号开头的名称，则需要使用“ ./*”和“ ./.[a-z]*”。

If you've got still more perverse requirements, enunciate them clearly in an amendment to the question.

如果您还有更不正当的要求，请在问题的修正中清楚地阐明它们。

回答by Max Doronin

find /fss/fin -d 1 -type d -name "*" -print

The above command gives you the list of 1st level subdirectories of the /fss/fin. Then you can do anything with this. E.g. tar them to your output directory as in the command below

上面的命令为您提供了 /fss/fin 的第一级子目录列表。然后你可以用它做任何事情。例如，将它们压缩到您的输出目录，如下面的命令所示

tar -czf /fss/fi/outfile.tar.gz `find /fss/fin -d 1 -type d -name "*" -print`

Original directory structure will be recreated after untar-ing.

解压后将重新创建原始目录结构。

回答by kenorb

Here is a bash example (change /fss/fin, /fs/fiwith your paths):

下面是一个bash例子（其他城市/fss/fin，/fs/fi你的路径）：

dirs=($(find /fss/fin -type d))
for dir in "${dirs[@]}"; do
  tar zcf "$dir.tgz" "$dir" -P -C /fs/fi && mv -v "$dir" /fs/fi/
done

which finds all the folders, tar them separately, and if successful - move them into different folder.

找到所有文件夹，分别对它们进行 tar，如果成功 - 将它们移动到不同的文件夹中。

回答by Ankur Agarwal

This should do it:

这应该这样做：

#!/bin/sh

list=`find . -type d`

for i in $list
do
    if [ ! "$i" == "." ]; then
        tar -czf ${i}.tar.gz ${i}
    fi
done

mv *.tar.gz ~/tardir