Python 使用子进程运行多个 bash 命令
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running multiple bash commands with subprocess
提问by Paul
If I run echo a; echo bin bash the result will be that both commands are run. However if I use subprocess then the first command is run, printing out the whole of the rest of the line.
The code below echos a; echo binstead of a b, how do I get it to run both commands?
如果我echo a; echo b在 bash 中运行，结果将是两个命令都运行。但是，如果我使用 subprocess 则运行第一个命令，打印出该行的其余部分。下面的代码回显a; echo b而不是a b，我如何让它运行这两个命令？
import subprocess, shlex
def subprocess_cmd(command):
process = subprocess.Popen(shlex.split(command), stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
proc_stdout = process.communicate()[0].strip()
print proc_stdout
subprocess_cmd("echo a; echo b")
采纳答案by bougui
You have to use shell=True in subprocess and no shlex.split:
你必须在子进程中使用 shell=True 而没有 shlex.split：
def subprocess_cmd(command):
process = subprocess.Popen(command,stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)
proc_stdout = process.communicate()[0].strip()
print proc_stdout
subprocess_cmd('echo a; echo b')
returns:
返回：
a
b
回答by David.Zheng
>>> command = "echo a; echo b"
>>> shlex.split(command);
['echo', 'a; echo', 'b']
so, the problem is shlex module do not handle ";"
所以，问题是 shlex 模块不处理“;”
回答by admenva
I just stumbled on a situation where I needed to run a bunch of lines of bash code (not separated with semicolons) from within python. In this scenario the proposed solutions do not help. One approach would be to save a file and then run it with Popen, but it wasn't possible in my situation.
我只是偶然发现了一种情况，我需要在 python 中运行一堆 bash 代码（不以分号分隔）。在这种情况下，建议的解决方案无济于事。一种方法是保存文件然后使用 运行它Popen，但在我的情况下这是不可能的。
What I ended up doing is something like:
我最终做的是这样的：
commands = '''
echo "a"
echo "b"
echo "c"
echo "d"
'''
process = subprocess.Popen('/bin/bash', stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
out, err = process.communicate(commands)
print out
So I first create the child bash process and after I tell it what to execute. This approach removes the limitations of passing the command directly to the Popenconstructor.
所以我首先创建子 bash 进程，然后告诉它要执行什么。这种方法消除了将命令直接传递给Popen构造函数的限制。
回答by FrancisWolcott
Join commands with "&&".
用“&&”连接命令。
os.system('echo a > outputa.txt && echo b > outputb.txt')
回答by Pierz
If you're only running the commands in one shot then you can just use subprocess.check_outputconvenience function:
如果您只是一次性运行命令，那么您可以使用subprocess.check_output便利功能：
def subprocess_cmd(command):
output = subprocess.check_output(command, shell=True)
print output
