如何从命令行将 EOF 发送到 Python sys.stdin？CTRL-D 不起作用
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How to send EOF to Python sys.stdin from commandline? CTRL-D doesn't work
提问by Joseph Turian
I am writing to my Python process from the commandline on unix. I want to send EOF (or somehow flush the stdin buffer, so Python can read my input.)
我正在从 unix 上的命令行写入我的 Python 进程。我想发送 EOF（或以某种方式刷新 stdin 缓冲区，以便 Python 可以读取我的输入。）
If I hit CTRL-C, I get a KeyboardError.
如果我按 CTRL-C，我会收到一个键盘错误。
If I hit CTRL-D, the program just stops.
如果我按下 CTRL-D，程序就会停止。
How do I flush the stdin buffer?
如何刷新标准输入缓冲区？
采纳答案by Joseph Turian
If you use 'for l in sys.stdin', it is buffered.
如果您在 sys.stdin 中使用“for l”，它会被缓冲。
You can use:
您可以使用：
while 1:
l = sys.stdin.readline()
回答by Alex Martelli
Control-D should NOT make your program "just stop" -- it should close standard input, and if your program deals with that properly, it may perfectly well continue if it needs to!
Control-D 不应该让你的程序“停止”——它应该关闭标准输入，如果你的程序处理得当，它可能会在需要时继续运行！
For example, given the following st.py:
例如，给定以下内容st.py：
import sys
def main():
inwas = []
for line in sys.stdin:
inwas.append(line)
print "%d lines" % len(inwas),
print "initials:", ''.join(x[0] for x in inwas)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
we could see something like
我们可以看到类似的东西
$ python st.py
nel mezzo del cammin di nostra vita
mi ritrovai per una selva oscura
che la diritta via era smarrita
3 lines initials: nmc
$
if the control-D is hit right after the enter on the third line -- the program realizes that standard input is done, and performs the needed post-processing, all neat and proper.
如果在第三行输入后立即按下 control-D - 程序意识到标准输入已完成，并执行所需的后处理，一切都井井有条。
If your program prematurely exits on control-D, it must be badly coded -- what about editing you question to add the smallest "misbehaving" program you can conceive of, so we can show you exactly HOW you're going wrong?
如果您的程序在 control-D 上过早退出，那么它一定是编码错误——编辑您的问题以添加您能想到的最小的“行为不端”程序怎么样，这样我们就可以确切地向您展示您是如何出错的？
回答by Alok Singhal
I think I know what's happening. You are hitting ctrl-Dwithout hitting enter. If you want to send a line to the program, just hit enter. If you hit ctrl-Dwithout hitting enter, you can hit ctrl-Dagain and your program should see the line then. In this case (two ctrl-Ds in succession), your program will not see a newline at the end of the line.
我想我知道发生了什么。你ctrl-D打不打enter。如果您想向程序发送一行，只需按 Enter。如果你ctrl-D没有击中enter，你可以ctrl-D再次击中，然后你的程序应该看到该行。在这种情况下（ctrl-D连续两个s），您的程序将不会在行尾看到换行符。
For example, let's say I have a Python script a.py:
例如，假设我有一个 Python 脚本a.py：
import sys
for line in sys.stdin:
sys.stdout.write('%s' % line)
And I execute it:
我执行它：
$ python a.py
And then enter the following:
然后输入以下内容：
line 1
line 2<ctrl-D><ctrl-D>
the program will print:
该程序将打印：
line 1
line 2$
$is the shell-prompt. Here's a full session with the above input:
$是 shell 提示。这是具有上述输入的完整会话：
$ python a.py
line 1
line 2 line1
line 2$
$ python a.py
line 1
line 2 line1
line 2$
(Boldshow the program's output. Roman-case is for showing what I typed, sans the two ctrl-Ds)
（粗体显示程序的输出。罗马大小写用于显示我输入的内容，没有两个ctrl-Ds）
If this is not what's happening, you need to tell us more about what you are doing.
如果这不是正在发生的事情，您需要告诉我们更多有关您在做什么的信息。
回答by RdB
try:
# You might be inside the while-loop
foo = raw_input('Spam: ') # Or whatever...
except EOFError:
print 'And now for something completely different.'
sys.exit()
