访问器和修改器方法 (Python)
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Accessor & Mutator methods (Python)
提问by user2255444
I am trying to figure out encapsulation in Python. I was doing a simple little test in shell to see how something worked and it doesn't work like I was expecting. And I can't get it to work. Here's my code:
我想弄清楚 Python 中的封装。我在 shell 中做了一个简单的小测试，看看某些东西是如何工作的，它不像我期望的那样工作。我无法让它工作。这是我的代码：
class Car:
def __init__(self, carMake, yrMod):
self.__make = carMake
self.__yearModel = yrMod
self.__speed = 0
#Mutator Methods
def set_make(self, make):
self.__make = carMake
def set_model(self, yrMod):
self.__yearModel = yrMod
#def set_speed(self, speed):
#self.__speed = speed
#Accessor Methods
def get_make(self):
return self.__make
def get_yearModel(self):
return self.__yearModel
def get_speed(self):
return self.__speed
myCar=Car('Ford', 1968)
myCar2=Car('Nissan', 2012)
myCar.get_make()
'Ford'
myCar.set_make=('Porche')
myCar.get_make()
'Ford'
Why doesn't myCar.set_make change Ford into Porche? Thank you.
为什么 myCar.set_make 不把福特变成保时捷？谢谢你。
采纳答案by A. Rodas
With myCar.set_make=('Porche'), you are setting this member the Car class as the 'Porche'string, but you are not calling the method.
使用myCar.set_make=('Porche')，您将此成员设置为 Car 类作为'Porche'字符串，但您没有调用该方法。
Just remove the =to solve it:
只需删除=即可解决它：
myCar.set_make('Porche')
myCar.get_make() # Porche
Besides, as @DSM points out, there is an error in the argument of set_make:
此外，正如@DSM 指出的那样， 的参数存在错误set_make：
def set_make(self, make):
self.__make = make # carMake is not defined!
However, this use of getters and setters in Python is strongly discouraged. If you need something similar for any reason, consider using properties.
但是，强烈建议不要在 Python 中使用 getter 和 setter。如果您出于任何原因需要类似的东西，请考虑使用properties。
回答by Tim Conroy
new_car = Car(...)
new_car2 = Car(...)
new_car._make = 'Ford'
new_car2.make = 'Jetta'
print new_car._make
print new_car2.make
