如何使用 ant <exec> 在 linux 上执行命令？
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How can I use ant <exec> to execute commands on linux?
提问by user3153661
I would like to use ant to exectue a command like below:
我想使用 ant 来执行如下命令：
<exec executable="echo ptc@123 | sudo -S /app/Windchill_10.0/Apache/bin/apachectl -k stop">
</exec>
But it replies an error say
但它回复一个错误说
The ' characters around the executable and arguments are not part of the command.
可执行文件和参数周围的 ' 字符不是命令的一部分。
The background is: I want to use ant to stop the apache server but it doesn't installed by the same user I run the command.
背景是：我想使用 ant 来停止 apache 服务器，但它不是由我运行命令的同一用户安装的。
Anyone could help or give me some clues?
任何人都可以帮助或给我一些线索？
Thanks in advance
提前致谢
回答by Ian Roberts
Ant's <exec>task uses Java's Processmechanism to run commands, and this does not understand shell-specific syntax like pipes and redirections. If you needto use pipes then you have to run a shell explicitly by saying something like
Ant 的<exec>任务使用 Java 的Process机制来运行命令，它不理解特定于 shell 的语法，如管道和重定向。如果你需要使用管道，那么你必须通过说类似的话来明确地运行一个 shell
<exec executable="/bin/sh">
<arg value="-c" />
<arg value="echo ptc@123 | sudo -S /app/Windchill_10.0/Apache/bin/apachectl -k stop" />
</exec>
but in this case it's not necessary, as you can run just the sudocommand and use inputstringto provide its input rather than using a piped echo:
但在这种情况下，没有必要，因为您可以只运行sudo命令并使用它inputstring来提供其输入，而不是使用管道echo：
<exec executable="sudo" inputstring="ptc@123 ">
<arg line="-S /app/Windchill_10.0/Apache/bin/apachectl -k stop" />
</exec>
Since sudo -Srequires a newline character to terminate the password, I've added on the end of the inputstring(this is the simplest way to encode a newline character in an attribute value in XML).
由于sudo -S需要一个换行符来终止密码，我 在末尾添加了inputstring（这是在 XML 中的属性值中编码换行符的最简单方法）。
Note that <arg line="..." />is pretty simple minded when it comes to word splitting - if any of the command line arguments could contain spaces (for example if you need to refer to a file under a directory such as ${user.home}/Library/Application Supportor if the value is read from an external .propertiesfile that you don't control) then you must split the arguments up yourself using separate argelements with valueor fileattributes, e.g.:
请注意，<arg line="..." />当涉及到分词时，这是非常简单的 - 如果任何命令行参数可能包含空格（例如，如果您需要引用目录下的文件，${user.home}/Library/Application Support或者如果该值是从外部.properties文件中读取的您无法控制）那么您必须使用arg带有value或file属性的单独元素自行拆分参数，例如：
<exec executable="sudo" inputstring="ptc@123 ">
<arg value="-S" />
<arg file="${windchill.install.path}/Apache/bin/apachectl" />
<arg value="-k" />
<arg value="stop" />
</exec>
