macos 如何在 OSX 中从命令行启动 GUI Emacs？

How to launch GUI Emacs from command line in OSX?

提问by Johan Walles

How do I launch GUI Emacs from the command line in OSX?

如何从 OSX 中的命令行启动 GUI Emacs？

I have downloaded and installed Emacs from http://emacsformacosx.com/.

我已经从http://emacsformacosx.com/下载并安装了 Emacs 。

I'll accept an answer fulfilling all of the following criteria:

我会接受满足以下所有条件的答案：

1. The emacs window opens in front ofmy terminal window.
2. Typing "emacs" launches a GUI Emacs window. Finding files in that window will default to looking in the directory from where I started Emacs.
3. Typing "emacs foo.txt" when foo.txt exists launches a GUI Emacs window with foo.txt loaded.
4. Typing "emacs foo.txt" when foo.txt does notexist launches a GUI Emacs window with an empty text buffer named "foo.txt". Doing ^X^S in that buffer will save foo.txt in the directory from where I started Emacs.

1. emacs 窗口在我的终端窗口前面打开。
2. 键入“emacs”会启动一个 GUI Emacs 窗口。在该窗口中查找文件将默认在我启动 Emacs 的目录中查找。
3. 当 foo.txt 存在时输入“emacs foo.txt”会启动一个加载了 foo.txt 的 GUI Emacs 窗口。
4. 键入“emacs的foo.txt的”当foo.txt的确实不存在启动与空文本GUI的Emacs窗口缓冲区名为“foo.txt的”。在该缓冲区中执行 ^X^S 会将 foo.txt 保存在我启动 Emacs 的目录中。

回答by David Caldwell

Call the following script "emacs" and put it in your PATHsomewhere:

调用以下脚本“emacs”并将其放在您的PATH某个位置：

#!/bin/sh
/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs "$@"

That covers #2, #3, and #4.

这涵盖了 #2、#3 和 #4。

For #1, put this somewhere in your .emacs file:

对于 #1，把它放在你的 .emacs 文件中：

(x-focus-frame nil)

The emacsformacosx.comsite now has a How-To page, which is where the top snippet came from. There's more info there about running emacsclientand hooking Emacs up to git mergetool.

该emacsformacosx.com网站现在有一个操作方法页，这哪里是顶片段的来源。那里有更多关于运行emacsclient和连接 Emacs 的信息git mergetool。

回答by Chris McMahan

In your shell, alias the command 'emacs' to point to the OSX emacs application

在您的 shell 中，将命令“emacs”作为别名以指向 OSX emacs 应用程序

In my shell (running the default bash), I have the following (in my .bashrc)

在我的 shell（运行默认 bash）中，我有以下内容（在我的 .bashrc 中）

alias emacs='open -a /Applications/Emacs.app '

Then, typing emacs on the command line starts the emacs application.

然后，在命令行上输入 emacs 启动 emacs 应用程序。

I would, however, recommend that you open a copy of emacs and just keep it up and running. If that's the case, and you want to load a file into an existing copy of emacs, you can use the emacsclient by placing the following in your .bashrc:

但是，我建议您打开 emacs 的副本并保持它正常运行。如果是这种情况，并且您想将文件加载到 emacs 的现有副本中，则可以通过在 .bashrc 中放置以下内容来使用 emacsclient：

alias ec='/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/emacsclient'

Then add the following to your .emacs file to start the emacs server (which receives the emacsclient calls)

然后将以下内容添加到您的 .emacs 文件中以启动 emacs 服务器（接收 emacsclient 调用）

;;========================================
;; start the emacsserver that listens to emacsclient
(server-start)

Then you can type

然后你可以输入

ec .bashrc

to load a copy of .bashrc into an existing emacs session!

将 .bashrc 的副本加载到现有的 emacs 会话中！

回答by David J.

This improves on David Caldwell's answerby starting Emacs in the background:

这通过在后台启动 Emacs改进了David Caldwell 的回答：

#!/bin/sh
$(/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs "$@") &

As stated in the other answer, this covers #2, #3, and #4. For #1, put this somewhere in your .emacs file: (x-focus-frame nil).

正如另一个答案中所述，这涵盖了 #2、#3 和 #4。对于1号，把这个地方你.emacs文件：(x-focus-frame nil)。

Note that the following does notwork for me -- it does not start Emacs in a directory specified on the command line (e.g. emacs .)

请注意，以下就不是对我来说有效-它不会在命令行上指定的目录启动Emacs（例如emacs .）

# NOT RECOMMENDED
#!/bin/sh
/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs "$@" &

回答by The Dave

I assume you either:

我假设你要么：

• Start the emacs daemon on login
• Have (server-start) in your .emacs
• Don't mind having lots of separate copies of emacs running

• 登录时启动 emacs 守护进程
• 在您的 .emacs 中有 (server-start)
• 不要介意运行大量独立的 emacs 副本

If so, then I think this satisfies the original four criteria, plus one more:

如果是这样，那么我认为这满足最初的四个标准，再加上一个：

1. The emacs window opens in front of my terminal window.

1. emacs 窗口在我的终端窗口前面打开。

it will always open to the foreground (with x-focus-frame).

它将始终向前景打开（使用 x-focus-frame）。

2. Typing "emacs" launches a GUI Emacs window. Finding files in that window will default to looking in the directory from where I started Emacs.

2. 键入“emacs”会启动一个 GUI Emacs 窗口。在该窗口中查找文件将默认在我启动 Emacs 的目录中查找。

It will open an existing emacs window in dired mode.

它将以直接模式打开现有的 emacs 窗口。

3. Typing "emacs foo.txt" when foo.txt exists launches a GUI Emacs window with foo.txt loaded.

3. 当 foo.txt 存在时输入“emacs foo.txt”会启动一个加载了 foo.txt 的 GUI Emacs 窗口。

If emacs is already running and has a server, then it will open in the existing window and come to the foreground.

如果 emacs 已经在运行并且有一个服务器，那么它将在现有窗口中打开并出现在前台。

4. Typing "emacs foo.txt" when foo.txt does not exist launches a GUI Emacs window with an empty text buffer named "foo.txt". Doing ^X^S in that buffer will save foo.txt in the directory from where I started Emacs.

4. 当 foo.txt 不存在时键入“emacs foo.txt”会启动一个带有名为“foo.txt”的空文本缓冲区的 GUI Emacs 窗口。在该缓冲区中执行 ^X^S 会将 foo.txt 保存在我启动 Emacs 的目录中。

Correct.

正确的。

One extra:

额外的一项：

Control returns to the terminal session immediately after typing the command.

输入命令后，控制立即返回到终端会话。

~/bin/emacs

~/bin/emacs

#!/bin/bash
EMACSPATH=/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS

# Check if an emacs server is available 
# (by checking to see if it will evaluate a lisp statement)

if ! (${EMACSPATH}/bin/emacsclient --eval "t"  2> /dev/null > /dev/null )
then
    # There is no server available so,
    # Start Emacs.app detached from the terminal 
    # and change Emac's directory to PWD

    nohup ${EMACSPATH}/Emacs --chdir "${PWD}" "${@}" 2>&1 > /dev/null &
else
    # The emacs server is available so use emacsclient

    if [ -z "${@}" ]
    then
        # There are no arguments, so
        # tell emacs to open a new window

        ${EMACSPATH}/bin/emacsclient --eval "(list-directory \"${PWD}\")"
    else    
        # There are arguments, so
        # tell emacs to open them

        ${EMACSPATH}/bin/emacsclient --no-wait "${@}"
    fi

    # Bring emacs to the foreground

    ${EMACSPATH}/bin/emacsclient --eval "(x-focus-frame nil)"
fi

回答by mforbes

On Mountain Lion, I am using Yamamoto Mitsuharu's port https://github.com/railwaycat/emacs-mac-portwith the following alias:

在 Mountain Lion 上，我使用的是 Yamamoto Mitsuharu 的端口https://github.com/railwaycat/emacs-mac-port，别名如下：

alias emacs=/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs

and it satisfies all of your criteria.

它满足您的所有标准。

回答by ocodo

Simple solution...

简单的解决方案...

A lot of very complex solutions to this problem are posted here. That's fair because it seems non-trivial.

这个问题的很多非常复杂的解决方案都张贴在这里。这很公平，因为它看起来很重要。

However, this solution works really well for me.

但是，这个解决方案对我来说非常有效。

ec() {
  emacsclient -n $@ 2> /dev/null
  if [[ $? == 1 ]]; then
    open -a Emacs.app  -- $@
  fi
}

Usage

用法

ec file [...]

Let's unpack what's happening:

让我们解开正在发生的事情：

1. pass all the ecarguments to emacsclient and don't (-n) wait for emacs before continuing.
   1. If Emacs is already running, we're all done and you're editing.
2. swallow up the error message posted by emacsclient when there's no emacs running. (2> /dev/null)
3. Manually handle the exit code 1([[ $? == 1 ]])
   1. open Emacs.app and pass file arguments to it (paths will be correctly opened.)
   2. You're all done, and Emacs has opened your files.

1. 将所有ec参数传递给 emacsclient 并且-n在继续之前不要 ( ) 等待 emacs。
   1. 如果 Emacs 已经在运行，我们就完成了，您正在编辑。
2. 当没有 emacs 运行时，吞下 emacsclient 发布的错误消息。( 2> /dev/null)
3. 手动处理退出代码1( [[ $? == 1 ]])
   1. 打开 Emacs.app 并将文件参数传递给它（路径将被正确打开。）
   2. 大功告成，Emacs 已经打开了您的文件。

回答by Yuriy Skvortsov

Just built emacs with homebrew package manager according to this guide: http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EmacsForMacOSwith brew install --cocoa emacs After that one should launch the .app version to get gui, which in my case was /usr/local/Cellar/emacs/24.3/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs

刚刚根据本指南使用自制软件包管理器构建了 emacs：http: //www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EmacsForMacOS with brew install --cocoa emacs 之后应该启动 .app 版本以获取 gui，在我的情况下是/usr/local/Cellar/emacs/24.3/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs

回答by sbecker11

Further improving on David James' response the following works for me:

进一步改进大卫詹姆斯的回答对我有用：

Per instructions to open a file from a terminal found at http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EmacsForMacOS#toc20

根据从位于http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/EmacsForMacOS#toc20的终端打开文件的说明

open -a /Applications/Emacs.app <file-name>

combining this with David Jame's response I've created the following emaxbash script and placed it in my path at ~/bin

将此与 David Jame 的响应相结合，我创建了以下emaxbash 脚本并将其放置在我的路径中~/bin

#!/bin/bash
(open -a /Applications/Emacs.app "$@") &

Caveat: in order to get emacs to open the current directory in Dired by namemode, you need to use

警告：为了让 emacs 在Dired by name模式下打开当前目录，你需要使用

emax .

Environment:

环境：

• OS X Yosemite Version 10.10.2
• GNU Emacs 24.4.2 (x86_64-apple-darwin14.0.0, NS apple-appkit-1343.14) of 2014-11-13

• OS X 优胜美地版本 10.10.2
• GNU Emacs 24.4.2 (x86_64-apple-darwin14.0.0, NS apple-appkit-1343.14) of 2014-11-13

回答by Hymankamm

The other answers here didn't quite work for me. In particular, on my machine, the bash script

这里的其他答案对我来说不太适用。特别是在我的机器上，bash 脚本

#!/bin/sh
/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs "$@" 

always opens emacs in the home directory. To get it to open in the current working directory, I had to do

总是在主目录中打开 emacs。要让它在当前工作目录中打开，我必须这样做

#!/bin/sh
/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs "$PWD/$@"

instead.

反而。

回答by Koren.H

This is my script for open emacs/emacsclient on osx.

这是我在 osx 上打开 emacs/emacsclient 的脚本。

#!/bin/bash

# Ensure (server-start) is added in your emacs init script.

EMACS=/Applications/MacPorts/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs
EMACSCLIENT=/Applications/Macports/Emacs.app/\
Contents/MacOS/bin/emacsclient

# test if client already exsit.
$EMACSCLIENT -e "(frames-on-display-list)" &>/dev/null

# use emacsclient to connect existing server.
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    $EMACSCLIENT -n "$@"
# open emacs.app instead.
else
    `$EMACS "$@"` &
fi