git reset --hard HEAD^ 与 git reset --hard HEAD 之间的区别？
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Difference between git reset --hard HEAD^ vs git reset --hard HEAD?
提问by ahtmatrix
What does the ^in git reset --hard HEAD^do versus just git reset --hard HEADIs there a difference?
什么是^在git reset --hard HEAD^做而不只是git reset --hard HEAD有没有区别？
回答by Paul
HEAD^is the parent commit of HEAD.
HEAD^是 的父提交HEAD。
If you want to go into details, then ref^is the shortcut for ref^1where ref^1is the commit's first parent (ref^2is the commit's second parent, which may be absent if the commit is not a merge commit).
如果您想详细了解，那么ref^快捷方式是提交的第一个父级ref^1在哪里ref^1（ref^2是提交的第二个父级，如果提交不是合并提交，则可能不存在）。
There is also ref~which is also commit's first parent. It is also a shortcut for ref~1. But the difference between ref^2and ref~2is that ref~2is commit's first parent's first parent. There can be ref~1, ref~2, ..., ref~n(if the history is long enough).
还有ref~which 也是 commit 的第一个父级。这也是 的捷径ref~1。但之间的区别ref^2，并ref~2是，ref~2就是犯的第一个父母的第一个祖先。可以有ref~1, ref~2, ..., ref~n（如果历史足够长的话）。
As for the git reset- it resets the current branch to the commit you specify (--hardmeans to discard both index and working tree changes). git reset --hard HEAD^resets the current branch one commit backward, while git reset --hard HEADjust discards all local changes.
至于git reset- 它将当前分支重置为您指定的提交（--hard意味着丢弃索引和工作树更改）。git reset --hard HEAD^向后重置当前分支一次提交，同时git reset --hard HEAD丢弃所有本地更改。
