Java 如何使用 maven shade 插件向 jar 添加资源
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/21679990/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
How to add resources to jar using maven shade plugin
提问by kavita
My Project structure has resources folder inside the src/main/ folder. The resources folder contains the file server.properties. My pom is as follows:
我的项目结构在 src/main/ 文件夹中有资源文件夹。资源文件夹包含文件 server.properties。我的pom如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.fde</groupId>
<artifactId>Listener</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>Listener</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<hibernate.version>3.6.10.Final</hibernate.version>
<java.version>1.6</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate dependencies START -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javassist</groupId>
<artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
<version>3.12.1.GA</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-collections</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId>
<version>3.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Hibernate dependencies END -->
</dependencies>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testSourceDirectory>src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>com.fde.ListenerServer</mainClass>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.IncludeResourceTransformer">
<resource>resources</resource>
<file>server.properties</file>
</transformer>
</transformers>
<artifactSet>
<excludes>
<exclude>junit:junit</exclude>
</excludes>
</artifactSet>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
The Jar is created properly and the main class is mentioned in the manifest. I have the following questions :
Jar 已正确创建，清单中提到了主类。我有以下问题：
The target folder contains the classes folder whch has the class files. The jar also contains them so why are they needed. My goal is to have a executable jar with all the dependancies only.
The resources are not getting added in the jar at all. I have added the transformer according to instructions seen on the net but no use!!!
What are the other dir getting created in the target folder (maven-archiver, surefire, surefire-reports etc) ??
Another jar gets created every time i do a maven clean install (original-Listener....jar)
目标文件夹包含类文件夹，其中包含类文件。罐子里也有它们，所以为什么需要它们。我的目标是拥有一个仅包含所有依赖项的可执行 jar。
资源根本没有添加到 jar 中。我根据网上看到的说明添加了变压器但没有用！！！
在目标文件夹（maven-archiver、surefire、surefire-reports 等）中创建的其他目录是什么？？
每次我执行 maven 全新安装时都会创建另一个 jar（原始监听器....jar）
I have absolutely no clue about how to include resources. Any help is appreciated!!
我完全不知道如何包含资源。任何帮助表示赞赏！
EDIT:::
编辑：：：
This is the tag i used for the maven-assembly-plugin:
这是我用于 maven-assembly-plugin 的标签：
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>attached</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>com.fde.ListenerServer</mainClass>
</manifest>
</archive>
<descriptorRefs>
<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
</descriptorRefs>
</configuration>
</plugin>
This created the Listener-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar with all the classes from referred jars in the folders. The manifest also contains the main class.
这创建了 Listener-1.0-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar，其中包含来自文件夹中引用 jar 的所有类。清单还包含主类。
The problem still is that I cant include the resource bundle in the folder \src\main\resources.
问题仍然是我无法在文件夹 \src\main\resources 中包含资源包。
Also I cant understand why jar files referenced from my code are included in the jar as well as inside the META-INF folder.
我也无法理解为什么从我的代码中引用的 jar 文件包含在 jar 中以及 META-INF 文件夹中。
采纳答案by kavita
I removed the following from the pom.xml and the property files were included at the root dir.
我从 pom.xml 中删除了以下内容，并且属性文件包含在根目录中。
<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<testSourceDirectory>src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>
Still havent figured out why there is a repetition of the referred classes in the jar.
仍然没有弄清楚为什么在 jar 中重复引用的类。
回答by Daniel Hári
The problem wasn't in your maven-shade-plugin's configuration, rather that you have explicitly set resource directory to a wrong path:
问题不在于您的 maven-shade-plugin 的配置，而是您已明确将资源目录设置为错误的路径：
<!-- wrong -->
<resource>
<directory>resources</directory>
</resource>
As <directory>element's doc says: "Describe the directory where the resources are stored. The path is
relative to the POM."
正如<directory>element 的文档所说：“描述存储资源的目录。路径是相对于 POM 的。”
So if you follow default maven project structure you have to set like this:
所以如果你遵循默认的 maven 项目结构，你必须像这样设置：
<!-- correct -->
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
or don't set it, then it falls back to same as maven defaults.
或者不设置它，然后它会回退到与 maven 默认值相同的状态。
