Linux 将用户添加到组但在运行“id”时不反映
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Add user to group but not reflected when run "id"
提问by matt_k
R creates a group called staff and I want to be able to update packages without starting R as sudo. So I added myself to staff using:
R 创建了一个名为 staff 的组，我希望能够在不将 R 启动为 sudo 的情况下更新包。所以我使用以下方法将自己添加到员工中：
sudo usermod -G adm,dialout,cdrom,plugdev,lpadmin,admin,sambashare,staff matt
(side question is there a way to add yourself to a group without listing every other group you're a member of?)
（附带问题有没有一种方法可以将自己添加到群组中，而无需列出您所属的所有其他群组？）
If i check /etc/groups i see
如果我检查 /etc/groups 我看到
staff:x:50:matt
and the same for /etc/shadow
和 /etc/shadow 一样
staff:*::matt
however if i run groups or id i'm not a member of staff. Also, I can't make changes to anything in /usr/local/lib/R.
但是，如果我经营团体或身份证，我就不是工作人员。此外，我无法对 /usr/local/lib/R 中的任何内容进行更改。
采纳答案by freiheit
Did you log the "matt" account out and back in after running the sudo usermodcommand? Changes to the groups a user is in under unix only take affect at login time.
运行sudo usermod命令后，您是否注销了“matt”帐户并重新登录？在 unix 下对用户所在组的更改仅在登录时生效。
回答by lxop
In answer to your side question, yes you can add a user to a group without listing them all. If you run a Debian based system, you can do it with
回答您的附带问题，是的，您可以将用户添加到组中，而无需列出所有用户。如果您运行基于 Debian 的系统，则可以使用
sudo adduser matt staff
sudo adduser matt staff
The adduserutility is just a friendly wrapper around useradd/usermod etc.
该adduser实用程序只是围绕 useradd/usermod 等的友好包装。
If you don't have the adduserutility, you can still do it with usermod:
如果您没有该adduser实用程序，您仍然可以使用 usermod 来完成：
sudo usermod -a -G staff matt
sudo usermod -a -G staff matt
The -aflag means append (as opposed to overwrite).
该-a标志表示追加（而不是覆盖）。
回答by voidstate
I know the original question is for Linux but OSX users can do the same with this command:
我知道最初的问题是针对 Linux，但 OSX 用户可以使用以下命令执行相同操作：
sudo dseditgroup -o edit -a newusertoadd -t user grouptobeaddedto
回答by kiiwii
https://superuser.com/questions/272061/reload-a-linux-users-group-assignments-without-logging-out
https://superuser.com/questions/272061/reload-a-linux-users-group-assignments-without-logging-out
check that out ~
检查一下~
both
两个都
newgrp groupname
OR
或者
su - username
will do the trick well ~
会做的很好~
回答by avivamg
Explanation: The operation succeeded - that's why your name appears in the right linux files on /etc/passwd& /etc/groupbut as soon as you open a new terminal process the bash will be updated with this setting and you can perform id mattas well.
说明：操作成功 - 这就是为什么您的名字出现在/etc/passwd&上正确的 linux 文件中，/etc/group但是一旦您打开一个新的终端进程，bash 将使用此设置进行更新，您也可以执行id matt。
Clarification: You added yourself to additional group so you should have used append option -a(and not editing the all bunch of groups names to your user).
澄清：您将自己添加到其他组，因此您应该使用 append 选项-a（而不是将所有组名称编辑给您的用户）。
sudo usermod -aG staff matt
