Python 如何在文件读取期间从每一行中去除换行符？
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How to strip newlines from each line during a file read?
提问by mix
I'm reading lines from a file that contains one[*] word/line, such as:
我正在从包含一个 [*] 字/行的文件中读取行，例如：
dog
cat
person
tree
Each of these words also contains a newline \ncharacter. I want to read them into a list and throw away the newlines. The way I've devised is to read with readlines()and then process the list to strip()the newlines:
这些单词中的每一个还包含一个换行符\n。我想将它们读入列表并丢弃换行符。我设计的方法是阅读readlines()然后将列表处理strip()为换行符：
with open('words.txt') as f:
words = f.readlines()
for index, word in enumerate(words):
words[index] = word.strip()
This works fine, but I can't help thinking there's a more efficient way to do this, to strip the newlines during the read process. But I can't find a way. Is there something more efficient (while also considering readability, etc.)
这工作正常，但我不禁想到有一种更有效的方法来做到这一点，在读取过程中去除换行符。但我找不到办法。有没有更有效的东西（同时还要考虑可读性等）
[*] UPDATE: I should have mentioned that some lines may contain more than one word, and in those cases however many words are on a line should go into a single list item. Both answers so far handle this (as does my own code), but I wanted to mention it.
[*] 更新：我应该提到有些行可能包含多个单词，在这种情况下，无论一行中有多少单词，都应该放入一个列表项中。到目前为止，两个答案都处理了这个问题（就像我自己的代码一样），但我想提一下。
采纳答案by Tim Pietzcker
You could use a list comprehension:
您可以使用列表理解：
with open('words.txt') as f:
words = [word.strip() for word in f]
回答by Ashwini Chaudhary
You can use map:
您可以使用map：
with open('words.txt') as f:
words = map(str.rstrip, f)
回答by Tim Pietzcker
You could write: lines = [s.rstrip("\n\r") for s in f.readlines()](notice it's not just strip, which will do more than remove EOL characters).
您可以写：（请lines = [s.rstrip("\n\r") for s in f.readlines()]注意strip，这不仅仅是，它的作用不仅仅是删除 EOL 字符）。
However, if your file is large, you should maybe process each line in a loop, rather than laoding the whole file, for example as in:
但是，如果您的文件很大，您可能应该循环处理每一行，而不是加载整个文件，例如：
while True:
s = f.readline()
if s == "":
break # end of file
line = s.rstrip("\n\r")
...
回答by Graeme Stuart
For handling more than one word per line you may want to split the line.
为了每行处理一个以上的单词，您可能需要拆分该行。
with open('words.txt') as f:
result = [words.strip().split() for words in f]
This will create a list of lists, most of which are one element long. So, for example you could do this.
这将创建一个列表列表，其中大部分是一个元素长。所以，例如你可以这样做。
for words in result:
print len(words)
