Python 运行`pip install`的Ubuntu给出错误“无法构建以下必需的包：* freetype”
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Ubuntu running `pip install` gives error 'The following required packages can not be built: * freetype'
提问by Athena Wisdom
When performing pip install -r requirements.txt, I get the following error during the stage where it is installing matplotlib:
执行时pip install -r requirements.txt，我在安装阶段收到以下错误matplotlib：
REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
numpy: yes [not found. pip may install it below.]
dateutil: yes [dateutil was not found. It is required for date
axis support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the
WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for
mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
pycxx: yes [Couldn't import. Using local copy.]
libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
be found. Using local copy.]
freetype: no [pkg-config information for 'freetype2' could
not be found.]
...
...
The following required packages can not be built:
* freetype
Shouldn't pip install -r requirements.txtalso install freetype? How should freetype be installed in Ubuntu 12.04 so it works with matplotlib?
不应该pip install -r requirements.txt也安装freetype吗？应该如何在 Ubuntu 12.04 中安装 freetype 才能使用它matplotlib？
采纳答案by James Mills
No. pipwill not install system-level dependencies. This means pipwill not install RPM(s) (Redhat based systems) or DEB(s) (Debian based systems).
号pip将不会安装系统级的依赖性。这意味着pip不会安装 RPM(s)（基于 Redhat 的系统）或 DEB(s)（基于 Debian 的系统）。
To install system dependencies you will need to use one of the following methods depending on your system.
要安装系统依赖项，您需要根据您的系统使用以下方法之一。
Ubuntu/Debian:
Ubuntu/Debian：
apt-get install libfreetype6-dev
To search for packages on Ubuntu/Debian based systems:
在基于 Ubuntu/Debian 的系统上搜索软件包：
apt-cache search <string>
e.g:
例如：
apt-cache search freetype | grep dev
Redhat/CentOS/Fedora:
红帽/CentOS/Fedora：
yum -y install freetype-devel
To search for packages on Redhat/CentOS/Fedora based systems:
在基于 Redhat/CentOS/Fedora 的系统上搜索软件包：
yum search <string>
e.g:
例如：
yum search freetype | grep devel
Mac OS X:(via Homebrew)
Mac OS X:(通过Homebrew)
brew install freetype
To search for packages on Mac OS X based systems:
在基于 Mac OS X 的系统上搜索软件包：
brew search <string>
e.g:
例如：
brew search freetype
回答by Sudipta Basak
I had to install libxft-dev in order to enable matplotlib on ubuntu server 14.04.
我必须安装 libxft-dev 才能在 ubuntu 服务器 14.04 上启用 matplotlib。
sudo apt-get install libfreetype6-dev libxft-dev
And then I could use
然后我可以使用
sudo easy_install matplotlib
回答by notconfusing
A workaround is to do sudo apt-get install pkg-configwhich I found in this github issue.
一种解决方法是sudo apt-get install pkg-config我在这个 github 问题中找到的方法。
回答by PaulMest
None of the existing answers worked for me to upgrade matplotlib on Ubuntu. This is what ultimately work for me:
现有的答案都不适合我在 Ubuntu 上升级 matplotlib。这就是最终对我有用的东西：
$ sudo apt-get install build-dep python-matplotlib
$ pip install matplotlib --upgrade
回答by AndreL
I'm using Mint an none of this answers worked for me, I needed to:
我正在使用 Mint，但这些答案都不适合我，我需要：
sudo apt-get install build-essential g++
回答by MiaeKim
This command will download all dependencies.
此命令将下载所有依赖项。
For python 2.x
对于 python 2.x
sudo apt-get install python-matplotlib
For python 3.x
对于python 3.x
sudo apt-get install python3-matplotlib
After installing, you can try
安装后，您可以尝试
(sudo) pip install matplotlib
回答by Caleb Kiage
On Ubuntu, it worked after I installed blt-devpackage.
在 Ubuntu 上，它在我安装blt-dev软件包后工作。
$sudo apt-get install blt-dev
$pip install matplotlib
回答by klimenkov
I had the same issue with Python 3.6 on Windows, but then I switched to Python 3.5.2 and everything works fine.
我在 Windows 上使用 Python 3.6 时遇到了同样的问题，但后来我切换到了 Python 3.5.2，一切正常。
回答by StackEdd
This command sudo apt-get install libfreetype6-devfailed for me on ubuntu 16.04,The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libfreetype6-dev : Depends: libfreetype6 (= 2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2) but
2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2.3 is to be installed
这个命令sudo apt-get install libfreetype6-dev在 ubuntu 16.04 上对我来说失败了，The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libfreetype6-dev : Depends: libfreetype6 (= 2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2) but
2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2.3 is to be installed
So I downloaded installed freetype from the source, credit to this guide
所以我从源代码下载了安装的 freetype ，归功于本指南
$ tar -xvjf freetype-x.y.tar.bz2 # extract the downloaded version file
$ cd freetype-x.y/
$ ./configure
$ make
$ sudo make install
switched to virtualenv and pip install matplotliband everything is working.
切换到 virtualenv 并且pip install matplotlib一切正常。
