如何使用requirements.txt在一个python项目中安装所有依赖
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How to use requirements.txt to install all dependencies in a python project
提问by Joey Yi Zhao
I am new to python. Recently I got a project written by python and it requires some installation. I run below command to install but got an error.
我是python的新手。最近我得到了一个用python写的项目，它需要一些安装。我运行下面的命令进行安装，但出现错误。
# pip install requirements.txt
Collecting requirements.txt
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement requirements.txt (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for requirements.txt
I searched on google and found this link http://stackoverflow.com/questions/28167987/python-pip-trouble-installing-from-requirements-txtbut I don't quite understand what the solution in that post.
我在谷歌上搜索并找到了这个链接，http://stackoverflow.com/questions/28167987/python-pip-trouble-installing-from-requirements-txt但我不太明白那篇文章中的解决方案。
Below is my requirements.txt file:
下面是我的requirements.txt文件：
# cat requirements.txt
ordereddict==1.1
argparse==1.2.1
python-dateutil==2.2
matplotlib==1.3.1
nose==1.3.0
numpy==1.8.0
pymongo==3.3.0
psutil>=2.0
Is there a easy way to install all required dependencies in this python project?
有没有一种简单的方法可以在这个 python 项目中安装所有必需的依赖项？
EDIT1
编辑1
Below is the output from pip3 install -r requirements.txt.
以下是来自pip3 install -r requirements.txt.
# pip3 install -r requirements.txt
Requirement already satisfied: ordereddict==1.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from -r requirements.txt (line 1))
Collecting argparse==1.2.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 2))
Using cached argparse-1.2.1.tar.gz
Collecting python-dateutil==2.2 (from -r requirements.txt (line 3))
Using cached python-dateutil-2.2.tar.gz
Collecting matplotlib==1.3.1 (from -r requirements.txt (line 4))
Using cached matplotlib-1.3.1.tar.gz
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
============================================================================
Edit setup.cfg to change the build options
BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
matplotlib: yes [1.3.1]
python: yes [3.5.2 (default, Nov 17 2016, 17:05:23) [GCC
5.4.0 20160609]]
platform: yes [linux]
REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
numpy: yes [version 1.11.3]
dateutil: yes [using dateutil version 2.6.0]
tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the
WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to
install it after matplotlib.]
pyparsing: yes [using pyparsing version 2.1.10]
pycxx: yes [Official versions of PyCXX are not compatible
with Python 3.x. Using local copy]
libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
be found. Using local copy.]
freetype: no [The C/C++ header for freetype2 (ft2build.h)
could not be found. You may need to install the
development package.]
png: yes [pkg-config information for 'libpng' could not
be found. Using unknown version.]
OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES
sample_data: yes [installing]
toolkits: yes [installing]
tests: yes [using nose version 1.3.7]
OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS
macosx: no [Mac OS-X only]
qt4agg: no [PyQt4 not found]
gtk3agg: no [gtk3agg backend does not work on Python 3]
gtk3cairo: no [Requires cairo to be installed.]
gtkagg: no [Requires pygtk]
tkagg: no [TKAgg requires Tkinter.]
wxagg: no [requires wxPython]
gtk: no [Requires pygtk]
agg: yes [installing]
cairo: no [cairo not found]
windowing: no [Microsoft Windows only]
OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES
dvipng: no
ghostscript: no
latex: no
pdftops: no
============================================================================
* The following required packages can not be built:
* freetype
----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-don4ne_2/matplotlib/
I have already installed libfreetype6-devbut the pip command still reports missing this dependency.
我已经安装了，libfreetype6-dev但 pip 命令仍然报告缺少此依赖项。
# apt-get install libfreetype6-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
libfreetype6-dev is already the newest version (2.6.1-0.1ubuntu2).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
采纳答案by Nilesh Pansuriya
If you are using Linux OS:
如果您使用的是 Linux 操作系统：
- Remove
matplotlib==1.3.1fromrequirements.txt - Try to install with
sudo apt-get install python-matplotlib - Run
pip install -r requirements.txt(Python 2), orpip3 install -r requirements.txt(Python 3) pip freeze > requirements.txt
- 删除
matplotlib==1.3.1从requirements.txt - 尝试安装
sudo apt-get install python-matplotlib - 运行
pip install -r requirements.txt(Python 2) 或pip3 install -r requirements.txt(Python 3) pip freeze > requirements.txt
If you are using Windows OS:
如果您使用的是 Windows 操作系统：
python -m pip install -U pip setuptoolspython -m pip install matplotlib
python -m pip install -U pip setuptoolspython -m pip install matplotlib
回答by Krishna Kishore Andhavarapu
pip install -r requirements.txtfor python 2.x
pip install -r requirements.txt为了 python 2.x
pip3 install -r requirements.txtfor python 3.x(in case multiple versions are installed)
pip3 install -r requirements.txtfor python 3.x（如果安装了多个版本）
回答by Jema
python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
Referece: How to install packages using pip according to the requirements.txt file from a local directory?
回答by tri.akki7
Python 3:
蟒蛇3：
pip3 install -r requirements.txt
Python 2:
蟒蛇2：
pip install -r requirements.txt
To get all the dependencies for the virtual environment or for the whole system:
要获取虚拟环境或整个系统的所有依赖项：
pip freeze
To push all the dependencies to the requirements.txt (Linux):
将所有依赖项推送到 requirements.txt (Linux)：
pip freeze > requirements.txt
回答by FMaz
(Taken from my comment)
（摘自我的评论）
pipwon't handle system level dependencies. You'll have to apt-get install libfreetype6-devbefore continuing. (It even says so right in your output. Try skimming over it for such errors next time, usually build outputs are very detailed)
pip不会处理系统级依赖项。apt-get install libfreetype6-dev在继续之前，您必须这样做。（它甚至在您的输出中说得很对。下次尝试浏览它以查找此类错误，通常构建输出非常详细）
