如何在 OS X Lion 上安装 Java 原生开发头文件

How to install Java native development headers on OS X Lion

提问by Steve

I'm trying to build a JNI project, but I can't seem to find the JNI headers (e.g. jni.h). I've installed "Java for Mac OS X 10.7 Developer Package" from https://developer.apple.com/downloads/.

我正在尝试构建一个 JNI 项目，但我似乎找不到 JNI 头文件（例如jni.h）。我已经从https://developer.apple.com/downloads/安装了“Java for Mac OS X 10.7 Developer Package” 。

Various online resources suggest the headers should be in locations such as /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Headersor /System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home/include, but I can't find them anywhere -- the installer doesn't seem to be creating them.

各种在线资源都建议标头应该在诸如/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Headers或 之类的位置/System/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.6.0.jdk/Contents/Home/include，但我在任何地方都找不到它们——安装程序似乎没有创建它们。

I see other JDK components -- just for example, /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Commands/javah-- but not the JNI headers. Any suggestions?

我看到了其他 JDK 组件——例如/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Commands/javah——但没有看到 JNI 头文件。有什么建议？

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Update: technomage pointed out that Apple now installs the JDK under /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines, and the JNI headers were at /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home/include/jni.h.

更新：technomage 指出 Apple 现在将 JDK 安装在 下/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines，而 JNI 标头位于/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home/include/jni.h.

But I'm still stuck on my actual goal, which is to build the JNI wrappers for LevelDB (per instructions at github.com/fusesource/leveldbjni). To point Maven at the proper JDK, I added /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home/binto the front of my PATH, and set JAVA_HOME to /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home. After chugging for a while, Maven now fails with:

但我仍然坚持我的实际目标，即为 LevelDB 构建 JNI 包装器（根据 github.com/fusesource/leveldbjni 上的说明）。为了将 Maven 指向正确的 JDK，我添加/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home/bin到 PATH 的前面，并将 JAVA_HOME 设置为/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home. 经过一段时间后，Maven 现在失败了：

[INFO] --- maven-hawtjni-plugin:1.5:build (default) @ leveldbjni-osx ---  
[INFO] Extracting /Users/steve/leveldb/leveldbjni/leveldbjni/target/leveldbjni-99-master-SNAPSHOT-native-src.zip to /Users/steve/leveldb/leveldbjni/leveldbjni-osx/target/native-build-extracted  
[INFO] executing: /bin/sh -c ./configure --disable-ccache --prefix=/Users/steve/leveldb/leveldbjni/leveldbjni-osx/target/native-build/target --with-leveldb=/Users/steve/leveldb/leveldb --with-snappy=/Users/steve/leveldb/snappy-1.0.3 --with-universal --with-leveldb=/Users/steve/leveldb/leveldb --with-snappy=/Users/steve/leveldb/snappy-1.0.3  
...  
[INFO] configure: JAVA_HOME was set, checking to see if it's a JDK we can use...  
[INFO] checking if '/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home' is a JDK... no  
[INFO] configure: javac was on your path, checking to see if it's part of a JDK we can use...  
[INFO] checking if '/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home' is a JDK... no  
[INFO] configure: Taking a guess as to where your OS installs the JDK by default...  
[INFO] checking if '/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework' is a JDK... no  
[INFO] configure: error: JDK not found. Please use the --with-jni-jdk option

I can't tell for sure what Maven is looking at to identify "a JDK we can use"? Some digging around led me to http://www.arm4.org/trac/browser/branches/architecture/m4/jni.m4which appears to look for jni.h in a few places and try to compile it, but I don't know whether this jni.m4 has any actual relationship Maven. I do have jni.h in /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home/include/.

我不能确定 Maven 正在寻找什么来识别“我们可以使用的 JDK”？一些挖掘使我到http://www.arm4.org/trac/browser/branches/architecture/m4/jni.m4似乎在几个地方寻找 jni.h 并尝试编译它，但我不不知道这个jni.m4是否与Maven有任何实际关系。我在 /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/1.7.0.jdk/Contents/Home/include/ 中有 jni.h。

回答by technomage

You probably need to install the Java Documentation package to get the headers; for the last few releases they have not been included in the JDK package. After installation, they will show up in /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Headers.

您可能需要安装 Java 文档包来获取标头；在最近的几个版本中，它们没有包含在 JDK 包中。安装后，它们将显示在 /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Headers 中。

[edit] Apple used to bundle the JNI headers with the JDK doc package. This is no longer the case; the JNI headers shouldbe bundled with the Java developer package.

[编辑] Apple 过去常常将 JNI 头文件与 JDK doc 包捆绑在一起。这已不再是这种情况; JNI 标头应与 Java 开发人员包捆绑在一起。

回答by PatchyFog

I know this is an old thread, but here is what I did to get current today (Late 3/14) so I could build some Ruby GEM that needed the Java Headers. Overkill, but covers all the bases, I think.

我知道这是一个旧线程，但这是我今天（2014 年 3 月末）为获取最新信息所做的工作，以便我可以构建一些需要 Java 标头的 Ruby GEM。矫枉过正，但我​​认为涵盖了所有基础。

1. Download the Java 8 JDK from http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

2. Install it.

3. See where Oracle put it:

   $/usr/libexec/java_home
   /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0.jdk/Contents/Home
   

4. Symlink from there to where Apple used to put it:

   $cd /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions
   $sudo ln -nsf /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0.jdk/Contents ./CurrentJDK
   

5. Symlink to make a Headers directory in JavaVM.framewrk:

   $cd /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework
   $sudo ln -nsf Versions/CurrentJDK/Home/include/ ./Headers
   

1. 从http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html下载 Java 8 JDK

2. 安装它。

3. 看看 Oracle 把它放在哪里：

   $/usr/libexec/java_home
   /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0.jdk/Contents/Home
   

4. 从那里到 Apple 过去放置它的位置的符号链接：

   $cd /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions
   $sudo ln -nsf /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0.jdk/Contents ./CurrentJDK
   

5. 在 JavaVM.framewrk 中创建 Headers 目录的符号链接：

   $cd /System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework
   $sudo ln -nsf Versions/CurrentJDK/Home/include/ ./Headers
   

This fixed things for me. I haven't bothered with defining JAVA_HOMEyet because I haven't needed it.

这对我来说是固定的。我还没有为定义JAVA_HOME而烦恼，因为我不需要它。