Python Flask 找不到模板

Flask unable to find templates

提问by Iamcool

My project structure is like below

我的项目结构如下

run.py
lib/
mysite/
    conf/
        __init__.py (flask app)
        settings.py
    pages/
        templates/
            index.html
        views.py
        __init__.py

This is mysite.conf.__init__

这是 mysite.conf.__init__

from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)
app.debug = True

My idea is to now import appto every other module to use it to create views. Here in this case there is a module pages.

我的想法是现在导入app到每个其他模块以使用它来创建视图。在这种情况下，这里有一个模块pages。

In pages.viewsI have some code like

在pages.views我有一些代码像

from flask import render_template
from mysite.conf import app

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

The index.htmlis placed in pages/templates

将index.html被放置在pages/templates

When I run this app from run.pywhich is like below

当我运行这个应用程序时run.py，如下所示

from mysite.conf import app
app.run()

I'm getting template not found error. How to fix it? and why is this happening!

我收到找不到模板错误。如何解决？为什么会这样！

I'm basically a django guy, and facing a lot of inconvenience with importing the wsgiobject every time to create a view in every module! It kinda feels crazy -- Which in a way encourages circular imports. Is there any way to avoid this?

我基本上是一个 django 人，wsgi每次导入对象以在每个模块中创建视图时都面临很多不便！感觉有点疯狂——这在某种程度上鼓励了循环导入。有什么办法可以避免这种情况吗？

采纳答案by Martijn Pieters

Flask expects the templatesdirectory to be in the same folder as the module in which it is created; it is looking for mysite/conf/templates, notmysite/pages/templates.

Flask 期望该templates目录与创建它的模块位于同一文件夹中；它是在寻找mysite/conf/templates，不是mysite/pages/templates。

You'll need to tell Flask to look elsewhere instead:

你需要告诉 Flask 去别处寻找：

app = Flask(__name__, template_folder='../pages/templates')

This works as the path is resolved relative to the current module path.

这是因为路径是相对于当前模块路径解析的。

You cannot have per-module template directories, not without using blueprints. A common pattern is to use subdirectories of the templatesfolder instead to partition your templates. You'd use templates/pages/index.html, loaded with render_template('pages/index.html'), etc.

你不能有每个模块的模板目录，不能不使用blueprints。一种常见的模式是使用templates文件夹的子目录来对模板进行分区。你会使用templates/pages/index.html，加载render_template('pages/index.html')，等等。

The alternative is to use a Blueprintinstance per sub-module; you can give each blueprint a separate template folder, used for all views registered to that blueprint instance. Do note that all routes in a blueprint do have to start with a common prefix unique to that blueprint (which can be empty).

另一种方法是为Blueprint每个子模块使用一个实例；您可以为每个蓝图提供一个单独的模板文件夹，用于注册到该蓝图实例的所有视图。请注意，蓝图中的所有路由都必须以该蓝图中唯一的公共前缀（可以为空）开头。

回答by PaulG

I ran in to this problem as well being brand new to Flask.

我遇到了这个问题，同时也是 Flask 的新手。

The solution for my situation was to create an __init__.pyfile in the main app directory so as to turn app/in to a module since, as Martijn Pieterspointed out, flask expects templatesto be in the main moduledirectory by default. And to restate from his answer, you can reassign the default directory when instantiating the Flaskclass, e.g. Flask(__name__, template_folder=any/relative/path/from/app/dir/or/absolute/path/youd/like)

我的情况的解决方案是__init__.py在主 app 目录中创建一个文件，以便转入app/一个模块，因为正如所Martijn Pieters指出的，flask默认情况下希望templates位于主模块目录中。并重申他的回答，您可以在实例化Flask类时重新分配默认目录，例如Flask(__name__, template_folder=any/relative/path/from/app/dir/or/absolute/path/youd/like)

A simple directory structure should therefore look like this:

因此，一个简单的目录结构应如下所示：

app/
    run.py
    templates/
        sample_template.html
    __init__.py  # <---- This was the missing file in my case.

... where app.pymight look like this:

...app.py可能看起来像这样：

from flask import Flask, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)  # or e.g. Flask(__name__, template_folder='../otherdir')

@app.route("/")
def home():
    return "Hello world"

@app.route("/hello/again")
def hello_again():
    return render_template("hello_again.html")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run()