C# 如何从 SQL Server 2008 错误代码中识别主键重复？
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How to Identify the primary key duplication from a SQL Server 2008 error code?
提问by Roshan
I want to know how we identify the primary key duplication error from SQL Server error code in C#.
我想知道我们如何从 C# 中的 SQL Server 错误代码中识别主键重复错误。
As a example, I have a C# form to enter data into a SQL Server database, when an error occurs while data entry, how can I identify the reason for the error from the exception?
举个例子，我有一个 C# 表单将数据输入到 SQL Server 数据库中，当数据输入发生错误时，我如何从异常中识别错误的原因？
采纳答案by Habib
If you catch SqlExceptionthen see its number, the number 2627would mean violation of unique constraint (including primary key).
如果您捕获SqlException然后查看其编号，则该编号2627意味着违反了唯一约束（包括主键）。
try
{
// insertion code
}
catch (SqlException ex)
{
if (ex.Number == 2627)
{
//Violation of primary key. Handle Exception
}
else throw;
}
This is a general error that can be raised regardless of whether a database is replicated. In replicated databases, the error is typically raised because primary keys have not been managed appropriatelyacross the topology.
这是一个无论是否复制数据库都可能引发的一般错误。在复制数据库中，通常会因为主键没有在拓扑中进行适当管理而引发错误 。
回答by usefulBee
In case of Entity Framework, the accepted answer won't work and the error will end up not being caught. Here is a test code, only the entity catch statement will be hit or of course the generic exception if entity statement removed:
在实体框架的情况下，接受的答案将不起作用，错误最终不会被捕获。这是一个测试代码，只有实体 catch 语句会被命中，或者如果实体语句被删除，则当然是通用异常：
try
{
db.InsertProcedureCall(id);
}
catch (SqlException e0)
{
// Won't catch
}
catch (EntityCommandExecutionException e1)
{
// Will catch
var se = e1.InnerException as SqlException;
var code = se.Number;
}
catch (Exception e2)
{
// if the Entity catch is removed, this will work too
var se = e2.InnerException as SqlException;
var code = se.Number;
}
回答by Bruno Garcia
This is an old thread but I guess it's worth noting that since C#6 you can:
这是一个旧线程，但我想值得注意的是，从 C#6 开始，您可以：
try
{
await command.ExecuteNonQueryAsync(cancellation);
}
catch (SqlException ex) when (ex.Number == 2627)
{
// Handle unique key violation
}
And with C#7 and a wrapping exception (like Entity Framework Core):
使用 C#7 和一个包装异常（如 Entity Framework Core）：
try
{
await _context.SaveChangesAsync(cancellation);
}
catch (DbUpdateException ex)
when ((ex.InnerException as SqlException)?.Number == 2627)
{
// Handle unique key violation
}
The biggest advantage of this approach in comparison with the accepted answer is:
与公认的答案相比，这种方法的最大优点是：
In case the error number is notequal to 2627 and hence, it's not a unique key violation, the exception is not caught.
如果错误号不等于 2627，因此它不是唯一键违规，则不会捕获异常。
Without the exception filter (when) you'd better remember re-throwing that exception in case you can't handle it. And ideally not to forget to use ExceptionDispatchInfoso that the original stack is not lost.
如果没有异常过滤器 ( when)，您最好记住重新抛出该异常，以防您无法处理它。理想情况下不要忘记使用，ExceptionDispatchInfo以免丢失原始堆栈。
回答by Tauqeer
Working code for filter only duplicate primary key voilation exception
过滤器仅重复主键失效异常的工作代码
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
.........
try{
abc...
}
catch (DbUpdateException ex)
{
if (ex.InnerException.InnerException is SqlException sqlEx && sqlEx.Number == 2601)
{
return ex.ToString();
}
else
{
throw;
}
}
Note fine detial :- ex.InnerException.InnerException not ex.InnerException
注意细节：- ex.InnerException.InnerException 不是 ex.InnerException
