Linux cp 目录递归地排除 2 个子目录
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cp dir recursivly excluding 2 subdirs
提问by dr0zd
I have 1 directory with 9 subdirectories and 10 files. Subdirectory have next level subdirectories and files.
我有 1 个目录，其中包含 9 个子目录和 10 个文件。子目录具有下一级子目录和文件。
/home/directory/
/home/directory/subdirectory1
/home/directory/subdirectory2
...
/home/directory/subdirectory9
/home/directory/file1
...
/home/directory/file10
I want to copy all subdirectories and files recursivly excluding:
我想递归复制所有子目录和文件，不包括：
/home/directory/subdirectory5
/home/directory/subdirectory7
What is the best way for it?
最好的方法是什么？
采纳答案by kev
Maybe the findcommand will help you:
也许find命令会帮助你：
$ find /home/directory -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -name 'subdirectory[57]' -or -exec cp -r {} /path/to/dir \;
回答by aioobe
I don't know a good way of doing it with cp, but it's fairly easy using rsyncand the --excludeswitch.
我不知道用 做这件事的好方法cp，但它的使用rsync和--exclude开关相当容易。
回答by jon
Kev's way is better, but this would also work:
Kev 的方式更好，但这也行得通：
find "/home/folder" -maxdepth 1 | sed -e "/^\/home\/folder$/d" -e "/^\/home\/folder\/subfolder5$/d" -e "/^\/home\/folder\/subfolder7$/d" -e "s/^/cp \-r /" -e "s/$/ \/home\/target/" | cat
Explained :
解释：
find "/home/folder" -maxdepth 1 |
// get all files and dirs under /home/folder, pipe output
sed -e "/^\/home\/folder$/d"
// have sed strip the path being searched, or the cp -r we prepend later will pickup the excluded dirs again.
-e "/^\/home\/folder\/subfolder5$/d"
// have sed strip subfolder5
-e "/^\/home\/folder\/subfolder7$/d"
// have sed strip subfolder7
-e "s/^/cp \-r /"
// have sed prepend "cp -r " to each line
-e "s/$/ \/home\/target/" | cat
// have sed append targetdir to each line.
Outputs:
输出：
cp -r /home/folder/subfolder9 /home/target
cp -r /home/folder/subfolder1 /home/target
cp -r /home/folder/file10 /home/target
cp -r /home/folder/subfolder2 /home/target
cp -r /home/folder/file1 /home/target
cp -r /home/folder/subfolder3 /home/target
Change | catto | shto execute the command.
更改| cat为| sh执行命令。
<A big disclaimer goes here>
<这里有一个重要的免责声明>
You should Kev's solution is better
你应该 Kev 的解决方案更好
回答by Qian
use rsyncwith --excludeis better
使用rsync具有--exclude较好
回答by jfg956
You can use the --excludeoption of tar:
您可以使用以下--exclude选项tar：
{ cd /home/directory; tar -c --exclude=subdirectory5 --exclude=subdirectory7 .; } | { cd _destination_ ; tar -x; }
回答by Morten Pedersen
Why not just use the cpcommand like this:
为什么不直接使用这样的cp命令：
cp -r /home/directory/!(subdirectory5|subdirectory7) /destination
回答by kjohri
rsync -avz --exclude subdirectory5 --exclude subdirectory7 /home/directory/ target-path
