bash 移动大量文件
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Moving large number of files
提问by DrXCheng
If I run the command mv folder2/*.* folder, I get "argument list too long" error.
如果我运行命令mv folder2/*.* folder，我会收到“参数列表太长”错误。
I find some example of lsand rm, dealing with this error, using find folder2 -name "*.*". But I have trouble applying them to mv.
我找到了一些关于lsand 的例子rm，处理这个错误，使用find folder2 -name "*.*". 但是我在将它们应用于mv.
回答by Karl Bielefeldt
find folder2 -name '*.*' -exec mv {} folder \;
-execruns any command, {}inserts the filename found, \;marks the end of the exec command.
-exec运行任何命令， {}插入找到的文件名，\;标记 exec 命令的结束。
回答by Idelic
The other findanswers work, but are horribly slow for a large number of files, since they execute one command for each file. A much more efficient approach is either to use +at the end of find, or use xargs:
其他find答案有效，但对于大量文件来说速度非常慢，因为它们为每个文件执行一个命令。一种更有效的方法是+在 结束时find使用，或者使用xargs：
# Using find ... -exec +
find folder2 -name '*.*' -exec mv --target-directory=folder '{}' +
# Using xargs
find folder2 -name '*.*' | xargs mv --target-directory=folder
回答by Gadget
First, thanks to Karl's answer. I have only minor correction to this.
首先，感谢卡尔的回答。我对此只有轻微的修正。
My scenario:
我的场景：
Millions of folders inside /source/directory, containing subfolders and files inside. Goal is to copy it keeping the same directory structure.
/source/directory 中有数百万个文件夹，其中包含子文件夹和文件。目标是复制它保持相同的目录结构。
To do that I use such command:
为此，我使用这样的命令：
find /source/directory -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -name '*' -exec mv {} /target/directory \;
Here:
这里：
- -mindepth 1 : makes sure you don't move root folder
- -maxdepth 1 : makes sure you search only for first level children. So all it's content is going to be moved too, but you don't need to search for it.
- -mindepth 1 : 确保你不移动根文件夹
- -maxdepth 1 ：确保您只搜索第一级孩子。所以它的所有内容也将被移动，但您不需要搜索它。
Commands suggested in answers above made result directory structure flat - and it was not what I looked for, so decided to share my approach.
上面答案中建议的命令使结果目录结构变得平坦 - 这不是我想要的，所以决定分享我的方法。
回答by InternetSeriousBusiness
find folder2 -name '*.*' -exec mv \{\} /dest/directory/ \;
find folder2 -name '*.*' -exec mv \{\} /dest/directory/ \;
回答by user2309000
finddoesn't work with really long lists of files, it will give you the same error "Argument list too long". Using a combination of ls, grepand xargsworked for me:
find不适用于非常长的文件列表，它会给你同样的错误“参数列表太长”。结合使用ls、grep和xargs对我有用：
$ ls|grep RadF|xargs mv -t ../fd/
$ ls|grep RadF|xargs mv -t ../fd/
It did the trick moving about 50,000 files where mv and find alone failed.
它完成了移动大约 50,000 个文件的技巧，其中 mv 和 find 单独失败。
回答by Sid
This one-liner command should work for you. Yes, it is quite slow, but works even with millions of files.
这个单行命令应该适合你。是的，它很慢，但即使处理数百万个文件也能工作。
for i in /folder1/*; do mv "$i" /folder2; done
It will move all the files from folder /folder1to /folder2.
它将所有文件从文件夹移动/folder1到/folder2.
