如何在 2012 年在 Linux 上设置 googletest？

How to setup googletest on Linux in the year 2012?

提问by Kit Ho

I am using Linux machine. I have download the googletest package from here

我正在使用 Linux 机器。我已经从这里下载了 googletest 包

However, there is no installation guide or other blogs related on how to set it up properly The README file is no good that I can't understand what it is talking about?

但是，没有安装指南或其他有关如何正确设置的博客 README 文件不好，我无法理解它在说什么？

Can anyone provide a simple example on how to test a simple function inside a .cc file with that gtest package?

任何人都可以提供一个简单的示例，说明如何使用该 gtest 包测试 .cc 文件中的简单函数？

回答by Darren Burgess

These instructions get the testing framework working for the Debug configuration.

这些说明使测试框架适用于调试配置。

Get Google C++ Testing Framework

获取 Google C++ 测试框架

1.Download the latest gtest framework

1.下载最新的gtest框架

2.Unzip to C:\gtest

2.解压到 C:\gtest

Build the Framework Libraries

构建框架库

1.Open C:\gtest\msvc\gtest.slnin Visual Studio

1.C:\gtest\msvc\gtest.sln在Visual Studio中打开

2.Set Configuration to "Debug"

2.将配置设置为“调试”

3.Build Solution

3.构建解决方案

Create and Configure Your Test Project

创建和配置您的测试项目

1.Create a new solution and choose the template Visual C++ > Win32 > Win32 Console Application

1.新建解决方案，选择模板Visual C++ > Win32 > Win32 Console Application

2.Right click the newly created project and choose Properties

2.右键单击新创建的项目并选择属性

3.Change Configuration to Debug.

3.将配置更改为调试。

4.Configuration Properties > C/C++ > General > Additional Include Directories: Add C:\gtest\include

4.Configuration Properties > C/C++ > General > Additional Include Directories: 添加 C:\gtest\include

5.Configuration Properties > C/C++ > Code Generation > Runtime Library: If your code links to a runtime DLL, choose Multi-threaded Debug DLL (/MDd). If not, choose Multi-threaded Debug (/MTd).

5.Configuration Properties > C/C++ > Code Generation > Runtime Library：如果您的代码链接到运行时 DLL，请选择多线程调试 DLL (/MDd)。如果没有，请选择多线程调试 (/MTd)。

6.Configuration Properties > Linker > General > Additional Library Directories: Add C:\gtest\msvc\gtest\Debug

6.配置属性>链接器>常规>附加库目录：添加 C:\gtest\msvc\gtest\Debug

7.Configuration Properties > Linker > Input > Additional Dependencies: Add gtestd.lib

7.Configuration Properties > Linker > Input > Additional Dependencies：添加 gtestd.lib

Verifying Everything Works

验证一切正常

1.Open the cpp in your Test Project containing the main()function.

1.在包含该main()函数的测试项目中打开 cpp 。

2.Paste the following code:

2.粘贴以下代码：

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

    TEST(sample_test_case, sample_test)
    {
        EXPECT_EQ(1, 1);
    }

    int main(int argc, char** argv) 
    { 
        testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv); 
        RUN_ALL_TESTS(); 
        std::getchar(); // keep console window open until Return keystroke
    }

1.Debug > Start Debugging

1.调试>开始调试

If this works you should see the console window open with your test results.

如果这有效，您应该看到控制台窗口打开并显示您的测试结果。

回答by James C

Here's what I did and you can adjust as necessary. I downloaded gtest-1.6.0.zip (from the releasespage) on my Linux box into ~/Downloads which typed out fully is /home/me/Downloads/

这是我所做的，您可以根据需要进行调整。我在我的 Linux机器上将 gtest-1.6.0.zip（从发布页面）下载到 ~/Downloads 中，完整输入的是 /home/me/Downloads/

Unzip the contents of gtest-1.6.0.zip into ~/Downloads/gtest-1.6.0/

将 gtest-1.6.0.zip 的内容解压到 ~/Downloads/gtest-1.6.0/

cd /home/me/Downloads
unzip gtest-1.6.0.zip

Build the gtest library because it's something you need to "include" in your test executable. Compile the object file gtest-all.o:

构建 gtest 库，因为它是您需要在测试可执行文件中“包含”的内容。编译目标文件 gtest-all.o：

g++ -Igtest-1.6.0/include -Igtest-1.6.0 -c gtest-1.6.0/src/gtest-all.cc

Then build the library archive libgtest.a:

然后构建库存档 libgtest.a：

ar -rv libgtest.a gtest-all.o

Now you can create your test.cc file in ~/Downloads. Here is an example test file that I used to make sure it compiles.

现在您可以在 ~/Downloads 中创建您的 test.cc 文件。这是我用来确保它编译的示例测试文件。

#include "gtest/gtest.h"

TEST(blahTest, blah1) {
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 1);
}

int main (int argc, char** argv) {
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);

    int returnValue;

    //Do whatever setup here you will need for your tests here
    //
    //

    returnValue =  RUN_ALL_TESTS();

    //Do Your teardown here if required
    //
    //

    return returnValue;
}

To compile your own test and run it:

要编译您自己的测试并运行它：

g++ -I/home/me/Downloads/gtest-1.6.0/include -pthread test.cc libgtest.a -o test_executable

Then to execute it:

然后执行它：

./test_executable

And it should run fine. Modify as necessary from there.

它应该运行良好。从那里根据需要进行修改。

回答by levelont

An addendum to James C's answer:

James C 的回答的附录：

Note that building the library using gtest-1.6.0/src/gtest-all.ccwill require you to provide with a main method yourself. If you want to avoid that altogether and use the default implementation of the main method provided by Googletest, build your library including gtest_main.cc.

请注意，使用 using 构建库gtest-1.6.0/src/gtest-all.cc将需要您自己提供一个主要方法。如果您想完全避免这种情况并使用 Googletest 提供的 main 方法的默认实现，请构建您的库，包括gtest_main.cc.

That is:

那是：

g++ -Igtest-1.6.0/include -Igtest-1.6.0 -c gtest-1.6.0/src/gtest-all.cc gtest-1.6.0/src/gtest_main.cc
                                                                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ar -rv libgtest_main.a gtest_main.o gtest-all.o
                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^

Also, keep in mind that implementing your own main method is notthe recommended way of defining the SetUpand TearDownbehaviours; you should be using fixtures instead. Check the Googletest documentation on the topic.

另外，请记住，实现您自己的 main 方法不是定义SetUp和TearDown行为的推荐方式；你应该改用固定装置。查看有关该主题的Googletest 文档。