命中 API 时 curl 与 python“请求”
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curl vs python "requests" when hitting APIs
提问by codyc4321
I am trying to hit the Bitbucket API for my account, and a successful attempt looks like:
我正在尝试为我的帐户访问 Bitbucket API，成功的尝试如下所示：
curl --user screename:mypasswordhttps://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/user/repositories
curl --user screename:mypasswordhttps://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/user/repositories
in the command line. In python, I try:
在命令行中。在python中，我尝试：
import requests
url = 'https://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/user/repositories'
then
然后
r = requests.post(url, data={'username': myscreename, 'password':mypassword})
and
和
r = requests.post(url, data="myscreename:mypassword")
and
和
r = requests.post(url, data={"user": "myscreename:mypassword"})
all get 405 error. The API is https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucket/rest-apis-222724129.html.
都得到 405 错误。API 是https://confluence.atlassian.com/bitbucket/rest-apis-222724129.html。
I wonder:
我想知道：
What am I doing wrong in the requests version, they all look similar to my curl attempt
What is the difference between requesting with curl and python requests module? What general pattern can I recognize when reading an API with a curl example and then writing it in python?
我在请求版本中做错了什么，它们看起来都与我的 curl 尝试相似
使用 curl 和 python requests 模块请求有什么区别？在读取带有 curl 示例的 API 然后用 python 编写它时，我可以识别出什么一般模式？
Thank you
谢谢
ANSWER:
回答：
it required the right headers
它需要正确的标题
https://answers.atlassian.com/questions/18451025/answers/18451117?flashId=-982194107
https://answers.atlassian.com/questions/18451025/answers/18451117?flashId=-982194107
UPDATE:
更新：
# ===============
# get user
# ===============
import requests
import json
# [BITBUCKET-BASE-URL], i.e.: https://bitbucket.org/
url = '[BITBUCKET-BASE-URL]/api/1.0/user/'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
# get user
# [USERNAME], i.e.: myuser
# [PASSWORD], i.e.: itspassword
r = requests.get(url, auth=('[USERNAME]', '[PASSWORD]'), headers=headers)
print(r.status_code)
print(r.text)
#print(r.content)
采纳答案by jlhonora
Here's a way to do basic HTTP auth with Python's requests module:
这是一种使用 Python 的 requests 模块进行基本 HTTP 身份验证的方法：
requests.post('https://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/user/repositories', auth=('user', 'pass'))
With the other way you're passing the user/pass through the request's payload, which is not desired since HTTP basic auth has its own place in the HTTP protocol.
使用另一种方式传递用户/传递请求的有效负载，这是不希望的，因为 HTTP 基本身份验证在 HTTP 协议中有自己的位置。
If you want to "see" what's happening under the hood with your request I recommend using httpbin:
如果您想根据您的请求“查看”幕后发生的事情，我建议您使用 httpbin：
>>> url = "http://httpbin.org/post"
>>> r = requests.post(url, data="myscreename:mypassword")
>>> print r.text
{
"args": {},
"data": "myscreename:mypassword",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Content-Length": "22",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.5.1 CPython/2.7.6 Darwin/14.3.0"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "16.7.5.3",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
>>> r = requests.post(url, auth=("myscreename", "mypassword"))
>>> print r.text
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Authorization": "Basic bXlzY3JlZW5hbWU6bXlwYXNzd29yZA==",
"Content-Length": "0",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "python-requests/2.5.1 CPython/2.7.6 Darwin/14.3.0"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "16.7.5.3",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
And with curl:
和卷曲：
curl -X POST --user myscreename:mypassword http://httpbin.org/post
{
"args": {},
"data": "",
"files": {},
"form": {},
"headers": {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Authorization": "Basic bXlzY3JlZW5hbWU6bXlwYXNzd29yZA==",
"Host": "httpbin.org",
"User-Agent": "curl/7.37.1"
},
"json": null,
"origin": "16.7.5.3",
"url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
}
Notice the resemblance between the last python example and the cURL one.
请注意最后一个 python 示例和 cURL 示例之间的相似之处。
Now, getting right the API's format is another story, check out this link: https://answers.atlassian.com/questions/94245/can-i-create-a-bitbucket-repository-using-rest-api
现在，正确使用 API 的格式是另一回事，请查看此链接：https: //answers.atlassian.com/questions/94245/can-i-create-a-bitbucket-repository-using-rest-api
The python way should be something like this:
python方式应该是这样的：
requests.post('https://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/repositories', auth=('user', 'pass'), data = "name=repo_name")
回答by DaWe
With python3, you can use json={...} instead of data={...}, and it will set the header automatically to application/json:
在 python3 中，你可以使用 json={...} 而不是 data={...}，它会自动将头设置为 application/json：
import requests
url = 'https://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/user/repositories'
data = {
'data1': 'asd',
'data2': 'asd'
}
req = requests.post(url, auth=('user', 'password'), json = data)
data = req.json()
# data['index']
