ruby 如何使用 Capybara 在下拉列表中选择选项
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How to select option in drop down using Capybara
提问by Farooq
I'm trying to select an item from a drop down menu using Capybara (2.1.0).
我正在尝试使用 Capybara (2.1.0) 从下拉菜单中选择一个项目。
I want to select by number (meaning select the second, third, etc option).
我想按数字选择（意思是选择第二个、第三个等选项）。
I've Googled like crazy trying all sorts of things but no luck.
我像疯了一样用谷歌搜索了各种各样的东西，但没有运气。
I was able to select it by using the value:
我能够通过使用值来选择它：
find("option[value='4c430d62-f1ba-474f-8e8a-4452c55ea0a8']").click
But I don't want to use that method b/c the value is something that will change and that will make my test brittle.
但我不想使用这种方法 b/c 值是会改变的，这会使我的测试变得脆弱。
The HTML for the drop down is:
下拉菜单的 HTML 是：
<td class="value">
<select name="organizationSelect" id="organizationSelect" class="required">
<option value="NULL">Choose...</option>
<option value="4c430d62-f1ba-474f-8e8a-4452c55ea0a8"> Institution1</option>
<option value="e1a4efa7-352d-410a-957e-35c8a3b92944"> Institution / test</option>
</select>
</td>
I also tried this:
我也试过这个：
option = find(:xpath, "//*[@id='organizationSelect']/option[2]").text
select(option, :from => organizationSelect)
But it results in this error:
但这会导致此错误：
Ambiguous match, found 2 elements matching option "Institution" (Capybara::Ambiguous)
So how can I select the first, second, third, etc option from the drop down (using Capybara) ?
那么如何从下拉列表中选择第一个、第二个、第三个等选项（使用 Capybara）？
回答by RVM
For some reason it didn't work for me. So I had to use something else.
出于某种原因，它对我不起作用。所以我不得不使用别的东西。
select "option_name_here", :from => "organizationSelect"
worked for me.
对我来说有效。
回答by carols10cents
If you take a look at the source of the selectmethod, you can see that what it does when you pass a fromkey is essentially:
如果你看一下方法的源码select，你可以看到，当你传递一个fromkey的时候，它所做的事情本质上是：
find(:select, from, options).find(:option, value, options).select_option
In other words, it finds the <select>you're interested in, then finds the <option>within that, then calls select_optionon the <option>node.
换句话说，它找到<select>你感兴趣的，然后查找<option>内，然后调用select_option上的<option>节点。
You've already pretty much done the first two things, I'd just rearrange them. Then you can tack the select_optionmethod on the end:
你已经完成了前两件事，我只是重新排列它们。然后你可以select_option在最后添加方法：
find('#organizationSelect').find(:xpath, 'option[2]').select_option
回答by montrealmike
another option is to add a method like this
另一种选择是添加这样的方法
def select_option(css_selector, value)
find(:css, css_selector).find(:option, value).select_option
end
回答by user2490003
To add yet another answer to the pile (because apparently there's so many ways of doing it depending on your setup) - I did it by selecting the literal optionelement and clicking it
添加另一个答案（因为显然根据您的设置有很多方法可以做到）-我通过选择文字option元素并单击它来做到这一点
find(".some-selector-for-dropdown option[value='1234']").select_option
It's not very pretty, but it works :/
它不是很漂亮，但它有效：/
回答by Sam D
Unfortunately, the most popular answer did not work for me entirely. I had to add .select_optionto end of the statement
不幸的是，最受欢迎的答案并不完全适合我。我不得不添加.select_option到声明的末尾
select("option_name_here", from: "organizationSelect").select_option
select("option_name_here", from: "organizationSelect").select_option
without the select_option, no select was being performed
没有select_option，没有选择被执行
回答by bjelli
none of the answers worked for me in 2017 with capybara 2.7. I got "ArgumentError: wrong number of arguments (given 2, expected 0)"
在 2017 年使用水豚 2.7 时，没有一个答案对我有用。我收到“ArgumentError：参数数量错误（给定 2，预期为 0）”
But this did:
但这确实：
find('#organizationSelect').all(:css, 'option').find { |o| o.value == 'option_name_here' }.select_option
回答by pduey
Here's the most concise way I've found (using capybara 3.3.0 and chromium driver):
这是我找到的最简洁的方法（使用水豚 3.3.0 和 Chromium 驱动程序）：
all('#id-of-select option')[1].select_option
will select the 2nd option. Increment the index as needed.
将选择第二个选项。根据需要增加索引。
回答by Alexandr
In Capybara you can use only findwith xpath
在水豚，你只能使用发现用的XPath
find(:xpath, "//*[@id='organizationSelect']/option[2]").click
and method click
和方法点击
回答by David V. Teixeira
It is not a direct answer, but you can (if your server permit):
这不是直接的答案，但您可以（如果您的服务器允许）：
1) Create a model for your Organization; extra: It will be easier to populate your HTML.
1) 为您的组织创建模型；额外：填充 HTML 会更容易。
2) Create a factory (FactoryGirl) for your model;
2）为你的模型创建一个工厂（FactoryGirl）；
3) Create a list (create_list) with the factory;
3）用工厂创建一个列表（create_list）；
4) 'pick' (sample) a Organization from the list with:
4) 从列表中“挑选”（抽样）一个组织，其中：
# Random select
option = Organization.all.sample
# Select the FIRST(0) by id
option = Organization.all[0]
# Select the SECOND(1) after some restriction
option = Organization.where(some_attr: some_value)[2]
option = Organization.where("some_attr OP some_value")[2] #OP is "=", "<", ">", so on...
