bash curl ：发送带有嵌入图像和附件的 html 电子邮件
声明：本页面是StackOverFlow热门问题的中英对照翻译，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要使用它，必须同样遵循CC BY-SA许可，注明原文地址和作者信息，同时你必须将它归于原作者（不是我）：StackOverFlow
原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/44728855/
Warning: these are provided under cc-by-sa 4.0 license. You are free to use/share it, But you must attribute it to the original authors (not me):
StackOverFlow
curl : send html email with embedded image and attachment
提问by Bertrand Martel
My goal is to send an email using curlwith an html body with embedded image such as :
我的目标是使用curl带有嵌入图像的 html 正文发送电子邮件，例如：
I'm sending the email like this :
我正在发送这样的电子邮件：
curl "smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587" -v \
--mail-from "[email protected]" \
--mail-rcpt "[email protected]" \
--ssl -u [email protected]:secretpassword \
-T "message.txt" -k --anyauth
My message.txtlooks like :
我的message.txt样子：
From: Some Name <[email protected]>
To: Some Name <[email protected]>
Subject: example of mail
Reply-To: Some Name <[email protected]>
Cc:
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY"
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY"
--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline
PGh0bWw+Cjxib2R5PgogICAgPGRpdj4KICAgICAgICA8cD5IZWxsbywgPC9wPgogICAgICAgIDxw
PlBsZWFzZSBzZWUgdGhlIGxvZyBmaWxlIGF0dGFjaGVkPC9wPgogICAgICAgIDxwPkFkbWluIFRl
YW08L3A+CiAgICAgICAgPGltZyBzcmM9ImFkbWluLnBuZyIgd2lkdGg9IjE1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1
MCI+CiAgICA8L2Rpdj4KPC9ib2R5Pgo8L2h0bWw+Cg==
--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY--
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
The html decoded is :
解码的html是：
<html>
<body>
<div>
<p>Hello, </p>
<p>Please see the log file attached</p>
<p>Admin Team</p>
<img src="admin.png" width="150" height="50">
</div>
</body>
</html>
How can I embed admin.pngin this html and attach another file log.txtto this email using curland bash?
如何嵌入admin.png此 html 并log.txt使用curl和将另一个文件附加到此电子邮件bash？
回答by Bertrand Martel
The solution I came up with is to base64 encode all the attachment (image and text file) and to include them into the uploaded file directly in the multipart/mixedbody such as :
我想出的解决方案是对所有附件（图像和文本文件）进行 base64 编码，并将它们直接包含在multipart/mixed正文中的上传文件中，例如：
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: image/png
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Id: <admin.png>
iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAIAAAACgCAIAAABL8POqAAAACXBIWXMAAAsTAAALEwEAmpwYAAAA
B3RJTUUH4AQNDwEVouBdqAAAG2xJREFUeNrtfX9oHFe25jdDBU5BG25BG7pABhXEkDJjSIsYIs1m
WbfJA8ubhcjjgdiTQNJOYCInj0RKYGIl8CbyPF4iZSCxEkgsB5LIgWQlL2Pcfow3bdgw0mMzox6e
....
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: text/plain
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline; filename=log.txt
c29tZSBsb2cgaW4gYSB0eHQgZmlsZSB0byBhdHRhY2ggdG8gdGhlIG1haWwK
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY--
The Content-Idheader is used to identify the resource that can be referenced in the html with : cid:like :
该Content-Id头是用来识别可以与HTML中引用的资源：cid:这样的：
<img src="cid:admin.png" width="150" height="50">
Here is a complete bashexample to send an html email with and admin.pngembedded image and a log.txtattached to it :
这是一个完整的bash示例，用于发送带有admin.png嵌入图像和log.txt附件的 html 电子邮件：
#!/bin/bash
rtmp_url="smtp://smtp.gmail.com:587"
rtmp_from="[email protected]"
rtmp_to="[email protected]"
rtmp_credentials="[email protected]:secretpassword"
file_upload="data.txt"
# html message to send
echo "<html>
<body>
<div>
<p>Hello, </p>
<p>Please see the log file attached</p>
<p>Admin Team</p>
<img src=\"cid:admin.png\" width=\"150\" height=\"50\">
</div>
</body>
</html>" > message.html
# log.txt file to attached to the mail
echo "some log in a txt file to attach to the mail" > log.txt
mail_from="Some Name <$rtmp_from>"
mail_to="Some Name <$rtmp_to>"
mail_subject="example of mail"
mail_reply_to="Some Name <$rtmp_from>"
mail_cc=""
# add an image to data.txt :
# : type (ex : image/png)
# : image content id filename (match the cid:filename.png in html document)
# : image content base64 encoded
# : filename for the attached file if content id filename empty
function add_file {
echo "--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type:
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64" >> "$file_upload"
if [ ! -z "" ]; then
echo "Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Id: <>" >> "$file_upload"
else
echo "Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=" >> "$file_upload"
fi
echo "
" >> "$file_upload"
}
message_base64=$(cat message.html | base64)
echo "From: $mail_from
To: $mail_to
Subject: $mail_subject
Reply-To: $mail_reply_to
Cc: $mail_cc
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=\"MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY\"
--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=\"MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY\"
--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: inline
$message_base64
--MULTIPART-ALTERNATIVE-BOUNDARY--" > "$file_upload"
# add an image with corresponding content-id (here admin.png)
image_base64=$(curl -s "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_116x41dp.png" | base64)
add_file "image/png" "admin.png" "$image_base64"
# add the log file
log_file=$(cat log.txt | base64)
add_file "text/plain" "" "$log_file" "log.txt"
# add another image
#image_base64=$(curl -s "https://www.google.com/images/branding/googlelogo/1x/googlelogo_color_116x41dp.png" | base64)
#add_file "image/png" "something.png" "$image_base64"
# end of uploaded file
echo "--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY--" >> "$file_upload"
# send email
echo "sending ...."
curl -s "$rtmp_url" \
--mail-from "$rtmp_from" \
--mail-rcpt "$rtmp_to" \
--ssl -u "$rtmp_credentials" \
-T "$file_upload" -k --anyauth
res=$?
if test "$res" != "0"; then
echo "sending failed with: $res"
else
echo "OK"
fi
回答by Daniel J.
Plus one, your code example is a bit misleading tough, in fact it doesn't work. As you say, you just have to enclose each part in a boundary, in your case the delimiter is:
另外，您的代码示例有点误导性强，实际上它不起作用。正如您所说，您只需将每个部分括在一个边界中，在您的情况下，分隔符是：
"--MULTIPART-MIXED-BOUNDARY".
“--多部分混合边界”。
Nonetheless it could be any other user defined string. You are nesting multiple boundary types, which isn't necessary. HTML content doesn't need to be base64 encoded, it can go encoded if you will though.
尽管如此，它可以是任何其他用户定义的字符串。您正在嵌套多个边界类型，这是不必要的。HTML 内容不需要是 base64 编码的，如果你愿意，它可以被编码。
You need a blank line after and before each delimiter.
每个分隔符前后都需要一个空行。
I recommend taking a look at the W3 papers and examples: https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc1341/7_2_Multipart.html
我建议查看 W3 论文和示例：https: //www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc1341/7_2_Multipart.html
