在 Python 中的 matplotlib 中调整单个子图的高度
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adjusting heights of individual subplots in matplotlib in Python
提问by
if I have a series of subplots with one column and many rows, i.e.:
如果我有一系列一列多行的子图，即：
plt.subplot(4, 1, 1) # first subplot
plt.subplot(4, 1, 2) # second subplot
# ...
how can I adjust the height of the first N subplots? For example, if I have 4 subplots, each on its own row, I want all of them to have the same width but the first 3 subplots to be shorter, i.e. have their y-axes be smaller and take up less of the plot than the y-axis of the last plot in the row. How can I do this?
如何调整前 N 个子图的高度？例如，如果我有 4 个子图，每个子图都在自己的行上，我希望它们都具有相同的宽度，但前 3 个子图更短，即它们的 y 轴更小，占用的图少于行中最后一个图的 y 轴。我怎样才能做到这一点？
thanks.
谢谢。
采纳答案by Joe Kington
There are multiple ways to do this. The most basic (and least flexible) way is to just call something like:
有多种方法可以做到这一点。最基本（也是最不灵活）的方法是调用类似的东西：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.subplot(6,1,1)
plt.subplot(6,1,2)
plt.subplot(6,1,3)
plt.subplot(2,1,2)
Which will give you something like this:
这会给你这样的东西：
However, this isn't very flexible. If you're using matplotlib >= 1.0.0, look into using GridSpec. It's quite nice, and is a much more flexible way of laying out subplots.
但是，这不是很灵活。如果您使用的是 matplotlib >= 1.0.0，请考虑使用GridSpec。它非常好，并且是布置子图的更灵活的方式。
回答by benjaminmgross
Even though this question is old, I was looking to answer a very similar question. @Joe's reference to AxesGrid, was the answer to my question, and has verystraightforward usage, so I wanted to illustrate that functionality for completeness.
即使这个问题很老，我也想回答一个非常相似的问题。@Joe对AxesGrid的引用是我问题的答案，并且用法非常简单，因此我想说明该功能的完整性。
AxesGridfunctionality provides the ability create plots of different size and place them very specifically, via the subplot2gridfunctionality:
AxesGrid功能提供了通过以下subplot2grid功能创建不同大小的绘图并非常具体地放置它们的能力：
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((m, n), (row_1, col_1), colspan = width)
ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((m, n), (row_2, col_2), rowspan = height)
ax1.plot(...)
ax2.plot(...)
Note that the max values for row_n,col_nare m-1and n-1respectively, as zero indexing notation is used.
注意，对于最大值row_n，col_n是m-1与n-1分别作为零索引符号被使用。
Specifically addressing the question, if there were 5 total subplots, where the last subplot has twice the height as the others, we could use m=6.
具体解决这个问题，如果总共有 5 个子图，其中最后一个子图的高度是其他子图的两倍，我们可以使用m=6.
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 1), (0, 0))
ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 1), (1, 0))
ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 1), (2, 0))
ax4 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 1), (3, 0))
ax5 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 1), (4, 0), rowspan=2)
plt.show()
