在 JavaScript 中将数组解包为单独的变量
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Unpacking array into separate variables in JavaScript
提问by Carson Myers
This is a simple problem, and I've done it before. I just can't remember how, or what exactly it was called.
这是一个简单的问题，我以前做过。我只是不记得它是如何命名的，或者它到底叫什么。
In python I can do this:
在 python 中，我可以这样做：
arr = ['one', 'two']
one, two = arr
how do I do that in JavaScript?
我如何在 JavaScript 中做到这一点？
回答by Mathias Bynens
This is currently the only cross-browser-compatible solution AFAIK:
这是目前唯一的跨浏览器兼容解决方案 AFAIK：
var one = arr[0],
two = arr[1];
ES6 will allow destructuring assignment:
ES6 将允许解构赋值：
let [x, y] = ['foo', 'bar'];
console.log(x); // 'foo'
console.log(y); // 'bar'
Or, to stick to your initial example:
或者，坚持你最初的例子：
var arr = ['one', 'two'];
var [one, two] = arr;
You could also create a default value:
您还可以创建一个默认值：
const [one = 'one', two = 'two', three = 'three'] = [1, 2];
console.log(one); // 1
console.log(two); // 2
console.log(three); // 'three'
回答by Andy E
That's destructuring assignment. You can do it in some browsers with the following syntax:
这就是解构赋值。您可以使用以下语法在某些浏览器中执行此操作：
[one, two] = arr;
It's supported in some of the latest browsers and transpilers like Babeland Traceur. This was a feature introduced with ECMAScript 4 which later became ECMAScript Harmony, which eventually became ES 2015.
它在一些最新的浏览器和转译器（如Babel和Traceur ）中得到支持。这是 ECMAScript 4 引入的一项功能，后来成为 ECMAScript Harmony，最终成为 ES 2015。
回答by Chris K.
The question is rather old but I like to post this alternative (2016) solution: One can also use the spreadoperator "...".
这个问题很老，但我喜欢发布这个替代（2016）解决方案：也可以使用扩展运算符“...”。
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Spread_operator
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Spread_operator
let xAndY = [42, 1337];
let f = function(x, y) { return x + y; };
f(...xAndY);
回答by serious
You can use array's apply function if you want an array items to be passed as a function arguments.
如果您希望将数组项作为函数参数传递，则可以使用数组的 apply 函数。
回答by Richard Ayotte
Implementation of serious's idea.
认真贯彻落实。
http://jsfiddle.net/RichAyotte/6D2wP/
http://jsfiddle.net/RichAyotte/6D2wP/
(function(a, b, c, d) {
console.log(a, b, c, d);
}.apply(this, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']));
回答by rob waminal
var one = arr[0];
var two = arr[1];
回答by Jakob
CoffeeScript has it: http://jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/#pattern_matching
CoffeeScript 有它：http: //jashkenas.github.com/coffee-script/#pattern_matching
And, quoted from the top of the page:
并且，引自页面顶部：
"CoffeeScript is a little language that compiles into JavaScript. Think of it as JavaScript's less ostentatious kid brother — the same genes, roughly the same height, but a different sense of style. Apart from a handful of bonus goodies, statements in CoffeeScript correspond one-to-one with their equivalent in JavaScript, it's just another way of saying it."
“CoffeeScript 是一种编译成 JavaScript 的小语言。把它想象成 JavaScript 不那么炫耀的小兄弟——同样的基因，大致相同的高度，但风格不同。除了一些额外的好处之外，CoffeeScript 中的语句对应一个与 JavaScript 中的等价物一一对应，这只是另一种说法。”
