wpf 如何在WPF选项卡控件中创建梯形选项卡
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原文地址: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/561931/
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How to create trapezoid tabs in WPF tab control
提问by zendar
How to create trapezoid tabs in WPF tab control?
I'd like to create non rectangular tabs that look like tabs in Google Chrome or like tabs in code editor of VS 2008.
如何在 WPF 选项卡控件中创建梯形选项卡？
我想创建看起来像 Google Chrome 中的选项卡或 VS 2008 代码编辑器中的选项卡的非矩形选项卡。
Can it be done with WPF styles or it must be drawn in code?
可以用WPF样式完成还是必须用代码绘制？
Is there any example of code available on internet?
互联网上是否有任何可用的代码示例？
Edit:
编辑：
There is lots of examples that show how to round corners or change colors of tabs, but I could not find any that changes geometry of tab like this two examples:
VS 2008 Code Editor Tabs
有很多示例展示了如何圆角或更改选项卡的颜色，但我找不到任何更改选项卡几何形状的示例，例如这两个示例：
VS 2008 代码编辑器选项卡
Google Chrome tabs
谷歌浏览器标签
Tabs in this two examples are not rectangles, but trapezes.
这两个示例中的选项卡不是矩形，而是梯形。
回答by rooks
I tried to find some control templates or solutions for this problem on internet, but I didn't find any “acceptable” solution for me. So I wrote it in my way and here is an example of my first (and last=)) attempt to do it:
我试图在互联网上为这个问题找到一些控制模板或解决方案，但我没有找到任何“可接受”的解决方案。所以我用我的方式写了它，这是我第一次（和最后=））尝试这样做的一个例子：
<Window x:Class="TabControlTemplate.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:src="clr-namespace:TabControlTemplate"
Title="Window1" Width="600" Height="400">
<Window.Background>
<LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="1,1">
<GradientStop Color="#FF3164a5" Offset="1"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FF8AAED4" Offset="0"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Window.Background>
<Window.Resources>
<src:ContentToPathConverter x:Key="content2PathConverter"/>
<src:ContentToMarginConverter x:Key="content2MarginConverter"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="BorderBrush" Color="#FFFFFFFF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="HoverBrush" Color="#FFFF4500"/>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="TabControlBackgroundBrush" EndPoint="0.5,0" StartPoint="0.5,1">
<GradientStop Color="#FFa9cde7" Offset="0"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFe7f4fc" Offset="0.3"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFf2fafd" Offset="0.85"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFe4f6fa" Offset="1"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="TabItemPathBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientStop Color="#FF3164a5" Offset="0"/>
<GradientStop Color="#FFe4f6fa" Offset="1"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<!-- TabControl style -->
<Style x:Key="TabControlStyle" TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="TabControl">
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="*"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Border Grid.Row="1" BorderThickness="2,0,2,2" Panel.ZIndex="2" CornerRadius="0,0,2,2"
BorderBrush="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Background="{StaticResource TabControlBackgroundBrush}">
<ContentPresenter ContentSource="SelectedContent"/>
</Border>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Grid.Row="0" Panel.ZIndex="1" IsItemsHost="true"/>
<Rectangle Grid.Row="0" Height="2" VerticalAlignment="Bottom"
Fill="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"/>
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!-- TabItem style -->
<Style x:Key="{x:Type TabItem}" TargetType="{x:Type TabItem}">
<Setter Property="SnapsToDevicePixels" Value="True"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="TabItem">
<Grid x:Name="grd">
<Path x:Name="TabPath" StrokeThickness="2"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent, Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}"
Stroke="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Fill="{StaticResource TabItemPathBrush}">
<Path.Data>
<PathGeometry>
<PathFigure IsClosed="False" StartPoint="1,0"
Segments="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent, Converter={StaticResource content2PathConverter}}">
</PathFigure>
</PathGeometry>
</Path.Data>
<Path.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleY="-1"/>
</Path.LayoutTransform>
</Path>
<Rectangle x:Name="TabItemTopBorder" Height="2" Visibility="Visible"
VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Fill="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent, Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}" />
<ContentPresenter x:Name="TabItemContent" ContentSource="Header"
Margin="10,2,10,2" VerticalAlignment="Center"
TextElement.Foreground="#FF000000"/>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True" SourceName="grd">
<Setter Property="Stroke" Value="{StaticResource HoverBrush}" TargetName="TabPath"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="Selector.IsSelected" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Fill" TargetName="TabPath">
<Setter.Value>
<SolidColorBrush Color="#FFe4f6fa"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="BitmapEffect">
<Setter.Value>
<DropShadowBitmapEffect Direction="302" Opacity="0.4"
ShadowDepth="2" Softness="0.5"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="2"/>
<Setter Property="Visibility" Value="Hidden" TargetName="TabItemTopBorder"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid Margin="20">
<TabControl Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Margin="5" TabStripPlacement="Top"
Style="{StaticResource TabControlStyle}" FontSize="16">
<TabItem Header="MainTab">
<Border Margin="10">
<TextBlock Text="The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."/>
</Border>
</TabItem>
<TabItem Header="VeryVeryLongTab" />
<TabItem Header="Tab" />
</TabControl>
</Grid>
using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Media;
namespace TabControlTemplate
{
public partial class Window1
{
public Window1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
}
public class ContentToMarginConverter: IValueConverter
{
#region IValueConverter Members
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
return new Thickness(0, 0, -((ContentPresenter)value).ActualHeight, 0);
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
#endregion
}
public class ContentToPathConverter: IValueConverter
{
#region IValueConverter Members
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
var ps = new PathSegmentCollection(4);
ContentPresenter cp = (ContentPresenter)value;
double h = cp.ActualHeight > 10 ? 1.4 * cp.ActualHeight : 10;
double w = cp.ActualWidth > 10 ? 1.25 * cp.ActualWidth : 10;
ps.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(1, 0.7 * h), true));
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(1, 0.9 * h), new Point(0.1 * h, h), new Point(0.3 * h, h), true));
ps.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(w, h), true));
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(w + 0.6 * h, h), new Point(w + h, 0), new Point(w + h * 1.3, 0), true));
return ps;
}
public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
#endregion
}
}
These two converters I wrote to adjust tab size to its content. Actually, I making Path object depending on content size. If you don't need tabs with various widths, you can use some modified copy of this:
我编写的这两个转换器用于根据其内容调整标签大小。实际上，我根据内容大小制作 Path 对象。如果您不需要各种宽度的标签，您可以使用一些修改后的副本：
<Style x:Key="tabPath" TargetType="{x:Type Path}">
<Setter Property="Stroke" Value="Black"/>
<Setter Property="Data">
<Setter.Value>
<PathGeometry Figures="M 0,0 L 0,14 C 0,18 2,20 6,20 L 60,20 C 70,20 80,0 84,0"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
screen:
屏幕：
回答by Slauma
Note: This is only an appendix to rooks' great answer.
注意：这只是 rooks 的精彩答案的附录。
While rooks' solution was working perfectly at runtime for me I had some trouble when opening the MainWindow in the VS2010 WPF designer surface: The designer threw exceptions and didn't display the window. Also the whole ControlTemplate for TabItem in TabControl.xaml had a blue squiggle line and a tooltip was telling me that a NullReferenceException occurred. I had the same behaviour when moving the relevant code into my application. The problems were on two different machines so I believe it wasn't related to any problems of my installation.
虽然 rooks 的解决方案在运行时对我来说非常完美，但在 VS2010 WPF 设计器界面中打开 MainWindow 时遇到了一些麻烦：设计器抛出异常并且没有显示窗口。此外，TabControl.xaml 中 TabItem 的整个 ControlTemplate 有一条蓝色波浪线，工具提示告诉我发生了 NullReferenceException。将相关代码移动到我的应用程序中时，我有相同的行为。问题出在两台不同的机器上，所以我相信这与我的安装问题无关。
In case that someone experiences the same issues I've found a fix so that the example works now at runtime and in the designer as well:
如果有人遇到同样的问题，我已经找到了一个修复程序，以便该示例现在可以在运行时和设计器中运行：
First: Replace in the TabControl-XAML code ...
第一：在 TabControl-XAML 代码中替换...
<Path x:Name="TabPath" StrokeThickness="2"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}"
Stroke="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Fill="{StaticResource TabItemPathBrush}">
<Path.Data>
<PathGeometry>
<PathFigure IsClosed="False" StartPoint="1,0"
Segments="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2PathConverter}}">
</PathFigure>
</PathGeometry>
</Path.Data>
<Path.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleY="-1"/>
</Path.LayoutTransform>
</Path>
... by ...
... 经过 ...
<Path x:Name="TabPath" StrokeThickness="2"
Margin="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2MarginConverter}}"
Stroke="{StaticResource BorderBrush}"
Fill="{StaticResource TabItemPathBrush}"
Data="{Binding ElementName=TabItemContent,
Converter={StaticResource content2PathConverter}}">
<Path.LayoutTransform>
<ScaleTransform ScaleY="-1"/>
</Path.LayoutTransform>
</Path>
Second: Replace at the end of the Convert method of the ContentToPathConverter class ...
第二：在 ContentToPathConverter 类的 Convert 方法的末尾替换...
return ps;
... by ...
... 经过 ...
PathFigure figure = new PathFigure(new Point(1, 0), ps, false);
PathGeometry geometry = new PathGeometry();
geometry.Figures.Add(figure);
return geometry;
I have no explanation why this runs stable in the designer but not rooks' original code.
我无法解释为什么这在设计器中运行稳定，而不是 rooks 的原始代码。
回答by realistschuckle
I just finished a Google Chrome-like Tab Control for WPF. You can find the project at https://github.com/realistschuckle/wpfchrometabsand blog posts describing it at
我刚刚为 WPF 完成了一个类似于 Google Chrome 的 Tab Control。您可以在https://github.com/realistschuckle/wpfchrometabs 上找到该项目，并在以下位置找到描述它的博客文章
- Google Chrome-Like WPF Tab Control
- ChromeTabControl and Visual Children in WPF
- WPF Chrome Tabs Functioning
Hope that helps you get a better understanding of building a custom tab control from scratch.
希望能帮助您更好地了解从头开始构建自定义选项卡控件。
回答by pn.
<Grid>
<Grid.Resources>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
<Setter Property="ItemContainerStyle">
<Setter.Value>
<Style>
<Setter Property="Control.Height" Value="20"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Control.Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type TabItem}">
<Grid Margin="0 0 -10 0">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="10">
</ColumnDefinition>
<ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
<ColumnDefinition Width="10"></ColumnDefinition>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Path Data="M10 0 L 0 20 L 10 20 " Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Stroke="Black"></Path>
<Rectangle Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Grid.Column="1"></Rectangle>
<Rectangle VerticalAlignment="Top" Height="1" Fill="Black" Grid.Column="1"></Rectangle>
<Rectangle VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Height="1" Fill="Black" Grid.Column="1"></Rectangle>
<ContentPresenter Grid.Column="1" ContentSource="Header" />
<Path Data="M0 20 L 10 20 L0 0" Fill="{TemplateBinding Background}" Grid.Column="2" Stroke="Black"></Path>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Trigger.Setters>
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Beige"></Setter>
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="1"></Setter>
</Trigger.Setters>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="False">
<Trigger.Setters>
<Setter Property="Background" Value="LightGray"></Setter>
</Trigger.Setters>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
</Grid.Resources>
<TabControl>
<TabItem Header="One" ></TabItem>
<TabItem Header="Two" ></TabItem>
<TabItem Header="Three" ></TabItem>
</TabControl>
</Grid>
回答by narendra
I know this is old but I'd like to propose:
我知道这是旧的，但我想建议：
XAML:
XAML：
<Window.Resources>
<ControlTemplate x:Key="trapezoidTab" TargetType="TabItem">
<Grid>
<Polygon Name="Polygon_Part" Points="{Binding TabPolygonPoints}" />
<ContentPresenter Name="TabContent_Part" Margin="{TemplateBinding Margin}" Panel.ZIndex="100" ContentSource="Header" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"/>
</Grid>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="False">
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Stroke" Value="LightGray"/>
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Fill" Value="DimGray" />
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Fill" Value="Goldenrod" />
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Stroke" Value="LightGray"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="False">
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="90"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsSelected" Value="True">
<Setter Property="Panel.ZIndex" Value="100"/>
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Stroke" Value="LightGray"/>
<Setter TargetName="Polygon_Part" Property="Fill" Value="LightSlateGray "/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<!-- Test the tabs-->
<TabControl Name="FruitTab">
<TabItem Header="Apple" Template="{StaticResource trapezoidTab}" />
<TabItem Margin="-8,0,0,0" Header="Grapefruit" Template="{StaticResource trapezoidTab}" />
<TabItem Margin="-16,0,0,0" Header="Pear" Template="{StaticResource trapezoidTab}"/>
</TabControl>
ViewModel:
视图模型：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Windows.Media;
namespace TrapezoidTab
{
public class TabHeaderViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
private string _tabHeaderText;
private List<Point> _polygonPoints;
private PointCollection _pointCollection;
public TabHeaderViewModel(string tabHeaderText)
{
_tabHeaderText = tabHeaderText;
TabPolygonPoints = GenPolygon();
}
public PointCollection TabPolygonPoints
{
get { return _pointCollection; }
set
{
_pointCollection = value;
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("TabPolygonPoints"));
}
}
public string TabHeaderText
{
get { return _tabHeaderText; }
set
{
_tabHeaderText = value;
TabPolygonPoints = GenPolygon();
if (PropertyChanged != null)
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("TabHeaderText"));
}
}
private PointCollection GenPolygon()
{
var w = new FormattedText(_tabHeaderText, CultureInfo.GetCultureInfo("en-us"), FlowDirection.LeftToRight, new Typeface("Tahoma"), 12, Brushes.Black);
var width = w.Width + 30;
_polygonPoints = new List<Point>(4);
_pointCollection = new PointCollection(4);
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(2, 21));
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(10, 2));
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(width, 2));
_polygonPoints.Add(new Point(width + 8, 21));
foreach (var point in _polygonPoints)
_pointCollection.Add(point);
return _pointCollection;
}
}
}
Main:
主要的：
namespace TrapezoidTab
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
foreach (var obj in FruitTab.Items)
{
var tab = obj as TabItem;
if (tab == null) continue;
tab.DataContext = new TabHeaderViewModel(tab.Header.ToString());
}
}
}
}
回答by Muad'Dib
yep, you can do that--basically all you have to do is make a custom control-template. Check out http://www.switchonthecode.com/tutorials/the-wpf-tab-control-inside-and-outfor a tutorial. Just googling "wpf" "tabcontrol" "shape" turns up pages of results.
是的，你可以这样做——基本上你所要做的就是制作一个自定义的控制模板。查看http://www.switchonthecode.com/tutorials/the-wpf-tab-control-inside-and-out获取教程。只需谷歌搜索“wpf”“tabcontrol”“shape”就会出现结果页面。
I have not tried this myself, but you should be able to replace the tag(s) in the template with tags to get the shape that you want.
我自己没有尝试过，但是您应该能够用标签替换模板中的标签以获得您想要的形状。
回答by ToolmakerSteve
To slope both left and righttab edges, here is a modification of Slauma's enhancementto rook's accepted answer. This is a replacement of Convert method of the ContentToPathConverter class:
要倾斜左右标签边缘，这里是Slauma对rook 接受的答案的增强的修改。这是 ContentToPathConverter 类的 Convert 方法的替代：
public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture)
{
var ps = new PathSegmentCollection(4);
ContentPresenter cp = (ContentPresenter)value;
double h = cp.ActualHeight > 10 ? 1.4 * cp.ActualHeight : 10;
double w = cp.ActualWidth > 10 ? 1.25 * cp.ActualWidth : 10;
// Smaller unit, so don't need fractional multipliers.
double u = 0.1 * h;
// HACK: Start before "normal" start of tab.
double x0 = -4 * u;
// end of transition
double x9 = w + 8 * u;
// transition width
double tw = 8 * u;
// top "radius" (actually, gradualness of curve. Larger value is more rounded.)
double rt = 5 * u;
// bottom "radius" (actually, gradualness of curve. Larger value is more rounded.)
double rb = 3 * u;
// "(x0, 0)" is start point - defined in PathFigure.
// Cubic: From previous endpoint, 2 control points + new endpoint.
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(x0 + rb, 0), new Point(x0 + tw - rt, h), new Point(x0 + tw, h), true));
ps.Add(new LineSegment(new Point(x9 - tw, h), true));
ps.Add(new BezierSegment(new Point(x9 - tw + rt, h), new Point(x9 - rb, 0), new Point(x9, 0), true));
// "(x0, 0)" is start point.
PathFigure figure = new PathFigure(new Point(x0, 0), ps, false);
PathGeometry geometry = new PathGeometry();
geometry.Figures.Add(figure);
return geometry;
}
Also in TabControl's ControlTemplate, add left (and optionally right) margins to the container of the tab items (the only change is added Margin="20,0,20,0"):
同样在 TabControl 的 ControlTemplate 中，向选项卡项的容器添加左（和可选的右）边距（添加的唯一更改Margin="20,0,20,0"）：
<Style x:Key="TabControlStyle" TargetType="{x:Type TabControl}">
...
<Setter Property="Template">
...
<StackPanel Grid.Row="0" Panel.ZIndex="1" Orientation="Horizontal" IsItemsHost="true" Margin="20,0,20,0"/>
Issue: There is a slight visual "glitch" at bottom of left edge of tab, when it is not the selected tab. I think it is related to "going backwards" to start before beginning of tab area. Or else related to drawing of line line at bottom of tab (which doesn't know we start before the left edge of the tabs "normal" rectangle).
问题：在选项卡的左边缘底部有一个轻微的视觉“毛刺”，当不是所选选项卡时。我认为这与在选项卡区域开始之前开始“倒退”有关。或者与在选项卡底部绘制线条有关（它不知道我们在选项卡“正常”矩形的左边缘之前开始）。
