如何使用 CMake 将外部库 (boost) 包含到 CLion C++ 项目中？

How to include external library (boost) into CLion C++ project with CMake?

提问by nburk

I have the following setup for C++ development:

我有以下 C++ 开发设置：

• OS X Yosemite
• CLion 140.2310.6(a cross-plattform C/C++-IDE by JetBrains using CMakeas build system)
• installed boostvia brew install boostinto /usr/local/Cellar/boost/

• OS X Yosemite
• CLion 140.2310.6（JetBrains 使用CMake作为构建系统的跨平台 C/C++-IDE ）
• boost通过brew install boost进入安装/usr/local/Cellar/boost/

Now, my goal is to setup a simple project and include the boostlibrary. I defined just one test.cppfile that looks like this:

现在，我的目标是设置一个简单的项目并包含boost库。我只定义了一个test.cpp文件，如下所示：

#include <iostream>
#include <boost>

using namespace std;

int test() {
    cout << "Hello, World!" << endl;
    return 0; 
}

My CMakeLists.txtfile looks like this:

我的CMakeLists.txt文件如下所示：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.4) 
project(MyProject)

set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -std=c++11") 

include_directories("/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.57.0/include/boost")

set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp ./test.cpp)
add_executable(MyProject ${SOURCE_FILES}) 

When I build the project, I get the following error:

当我构建项目时，出现以下错误：

/Users/nburk/Documents/uni/master/master_thesis/MyProject/test.cpp:2:10: fatal error: 'boost' file not found

make[3]: *** [CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/test.cpp.o] Error 1 make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/all] Error 2 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/rule] Error 2 make: *** [MyProject] Error 2

/Users/nburk/Documents/uni/master/master_thesis/MyProject/test.cpp:2:10: 致命错误: 'boost' 文件未找到

make[3]: *** [CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/test.cpp.o] 错误 1 ​​make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/all] 错误 2 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/rule] 错误 2 制作：*** [MyProject] 错误 2

I played around with adjusting paths here and there and also using add_libraryand target_link_libraries, none of which made the project build successfully.

我在这里和那里调整路径并使用add_libraryand target_link_libraries，但没有一个使项目成功构建。

Can someone point into the right direction how to make sure I can include boosts functionality into my CLion C++ project?

有人可以指出正确的方向如何确保我可以将boosts 功能包含到我的 CLion C++ 项目中吗？

Update:Thanks to @Waxo's answer I used the following code in my CMakeLists.txtfile which:

更新：感谢@Waxo 的回答，我在CMakeLists.txt文件中使用了以下代码：

set(Boost_INCLUDE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.57.0)
set(Boost_LIBRARY_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.57.0/lib)
find_package(Boost COMPONENTS system filesystem REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR})

I now got past the file not found-error, but instead I get the following:

我现在通过了文件未找到- 错误，但我得到以下信息：

CMake Error at /Applications/CLion EAP.app/Contents/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.1/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:685 (file):

file STRINGS file "/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.57.0/boost/version.hpp" cannot be read.

Call Stack (most recent call first): CMakeLists.txt:11 (find_package)

/Applications/CLion EAP.app/Contents/bin/cmake/share/cmake-3.1/Modules/FindBoost.cmake:685（文件）中的CMake错误：

无法读取文件字符串文件“/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.57.0/boost/version.hpp”。

调用堆栈（最近调用优先）：CMakeLists.txt:11 (find_package)

Any ideas what I am still missing? The referred line (685) in FindBoost.cmakeis: file(STRINGS "${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR}/boost/version.hpp" _boost_VERSION_HPP_CONTENTS REGEX "#define BOOST_(LIB_)?VERSION ")

任何想法我仍然缺少什么？FindBoost.cmake 中引用的行 (685)是： file(STRINGS "${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR}/boost/version.hpp" _boost_VERSION_HPP_CONTENTS REGEX "#define BOOST_(LIB_)?VERSION ")

回答by nburk

After spending the whole afternoon on the issue, I solved it myself. It was a rather stupid mistake and all the hints in @Waxo's answer were really helpful.

在这个问题上花了整个下午之后，我自己解决了。这是一个相当愚蠢的错误，@Waxo 答案中的所有提示都非常有帮助。

The reason why it wasn't working for me that I wrote #include <boost>within my test.cpp-file, which apparently is just wrong. Instead, you need to refer directly to the header files that you actually want to include, so you should rather write e.g. #include <boost/thread.hpp>.

我#include <boost>在test.cpp文件中写的它对我不起作用的原因，这显然是错误的。相反，您需要直接引用您实际想要包含的头文件，因此您应该编写例如#include <boost/thread.hpp>.

After all, a short sequence of statements should be enough to successfully (and platform-independently) include boostinto a CMakeproject:

毕竟，简短的语句序列应该足以成功（并且独立于平台）包含boost到CMake项目中：

find_package(Boost 1.57.0 COMPONENTS system filesystem REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
add_executable(BoostTest main.cpp)
target_link_libraries(BoostTest ${Boost_LIBRARIES})

These lines are doing the magic here. For reference, here is a complete CMakeLists.txtfile that I used for debugging in a separate command line project:

这些线条在这里发挥着神奇的作用。作为参考，这里有一个完整的CMakeLists.txt文件，我用于在单独的命令行项目中进行调试：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.4)

project(BoostTest)

message(STATUS "start running cmake...")

find_package(Boost 1.57.0 COMPONENTS system filesystem REQUIRED)

if(Boost_FOUND)

    message(STATUS "Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS: ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
    message(STATUS "Boost_LIBRARIES: ${Boost_LIBRARIES}")
    message(STATUS "Boost_VERSION: ${Boost_VERSION}")

    include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})

endif()

add_executable(BoostTest main.cpp)

if(Boost_FOUND)

    target_link_libraries(BoostTest ${Boost_LIBRARIES})

endif()

回答by Waxo

Try using CMake find_package(Boost)

尝试使用 CMake find_package(Boost)

src : http://www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/module/FindBoost.html

源代码：http: //www.cmake.org/cmake/help/v3.0/module/FindBoost.html

It works better and CMake is made for cross compilation and giving an absolute path is not good in a CMake project.

它工作得更好，CMake 是为交叉编译而设计的，在 CMake 项目中给出绝对路径并不好。

Edit:

编辑：

Look at this one too : How to link C++ program with Boost using CMake

也看看这个：How to link C++ program with Boost using CMake

Because you don't link actually the boost library to your executable.

因为您实际上并未将 boost 库链接到您的可执行文件。

CMake with boost usually looks like that :

带有 boost 的 CMake 通常看起来像这样：

set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS        ON) # only find static libs
set(Boost_USE_MULTITHREADED      ON)
set(Boost_USE_STATIC_RUNTIME    OFF)
find_package(Boost 1.57.0 COMPONENTS date_time filesystem system ...)
if(Boost_FOUND)
  include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS})
  add_executable(foo foo.cc)
  target_link_libraries(foo ${Boost_LIBRARIES})
endif()