bash 为什么从 grep 输出创建文件时会得到一些额外的、奇怪的字符？
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Why am I getting some extra, weird characters when making a file from grep output?
提问by jake9115
I am doing a very basic command that never gave me trouble in the past, but is inexplicably returning undesired characters now.
我正在执行一个非常基本的命令，过去从未给我带来麻烦，但现在却莫名其妙地返回了不需要的字符。
I am in BASH on linux, and simply want to search through a directory and make a file containing filenames that match a pattern:
我在 linux 上的 BASH 中，只想搜索一个目录并创建一个包含与模式匹配的文件名的文件：
ls | grep "*.file_ID" > my_list.txt
...This works fine, and if I cat the data:
...这工作正常，如果我发现数据：
cat my_list.txt
seriesA.file_ID
seriesB.file_ID
seriesC.file_ID
However, when I try to feed this file into downstream processes, I keep getting a weird errors, as if the file isn't properly formatted as a list of file names. When I open the file in vim to reveal any unnecessary characters, I find the file actually looks like this:
但是，当我尝试将此文件提供给下游进程时，我不断收到奇怪的错误，好像该文件没有正确格式化为文件名列表。当我在 vim 中打开文件以显示任何不必要的字符时，我发现文件实际上是这样的：
vi my_list.txt
^[[00mseriesA.file_ID^[[00m
^[[00mseriesB.file_ID^[[00m
^[[00mseriesC.file_ID^[[00m
For some reason, every line is started and ended with the characters ^[[00m. If I delete these characters, all of the downstream processes work fine. However, I need to have my scripts automatically make such a file list, so I can't keep going in and manually deleting these chars.
出于某种原因，每一行都以字符 开始和结束^[[00m。如果我删除这些字符，所有下游进程都可以正常工作。但是，我需要让我的脚本自动制作这样一个文件列表，所以我不能继续手动删除这些字符。
Does anyone know what is producing the ^[[00mcharacters? I don't have any idea where they are coming from, and need a to be able to generate files without them.
有谁知道是什么产生了^[[00m字符？我不知道它们来自哪里，需要一个能够在没有它们的情况下生成文件。
Thanks!
谢谢！
采纳答案by glenn Hymanman
回答by user123444555621
Probably your GREP_OPTIONSenvironment variable contains --color=always, which causes the output to be stuffed with control characters, even when piped to a file.
可能您的GREP_OPTIONS环境变量包含--color=always，这会导致输出中塞满控制字符，即使通过管道传输到文件也是如此。
Use --color=autoinstead.
使用--color=auto来代替。
http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Environment-Variables.html
http://www.gnu.org/software/grep/manual/html_node/Environment-Variables.html
Even better, don't use grep:
更好的是，不要使用grep：
ls *.file_ID > my_list.txt
回答by das.cyklone
This should take care of it (assuming GNU find and no directory traversing):
这应该解决它（假设 GNU find 并且没有目录遍历）：
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "*.file_ID" -printf "%f\n" > my_list.txt
Example:
例子：
~> ls *file_ID*
a.file_ID b.file_ID c.file_ID
~> find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name "*.file_ID" -printf "%f\n" > my_list.txt
~> cat my_list.txt
a.file_ID
b.file_ID
c.file_ID
As far as the "^[[00m" characters, check your ls options:
至于“^[[00m”字符，请检查您的 ls 选项：
~> alias -p | grep "ls="
You may get something like:
你可能会得到类似的东西：
alias ls='/bin/ls $LS_OPTIONS'
If so, check env for this:
如果是这样，请检查 env ：
~> env | grep LS_OP
LS_OPTIONS=-N --color=tty -T 0
The character string you're referencing is used to turn off colors, so your shell likely has been set to show colors. Removing and/or changing the ls alias should resolve it.
您引用的字符串用于关闭颜色，因此您的外壳可能已设置为显示颜色。删除和/或更改 ls 别名应该可以解决它。
回答by euccas
The weird characters such as ^[[00mare escape characters for colorizing the output. Color output for lsis most likely enabled through an alias in your environment.
奇怪的字符，例如^[[00m用于为输出着色的转义字符。ls最有可能通过环境中的别名启用颜色输出。
To avoid getting these color characters, you can try disable the lsalias temporarily with a backslash:
为避免获得这些颜色字符，您可以尝试ls使用反斜杠暂时禁用别名：
\ls *.txt
Or you can use printfcommand instead.
或者您可以改用printf命令。
printf "%s\n" *.txt
回答by Sophie Chloe
usually it is automatically =>
grep --color=autoif it pipes into a csv file that looks like this
^[[00...^[[00myou would have to type this in the terminal:
grep --color=auto "your regex" > example.csvif you want it to be a permanent situation where you do not have to type "
--color=auto" every time, type this in the terminal:export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto'
通常它是自动的 =>
grep --color=auto如果它通过管道传输到一个看起来像这样的 csv 文件
^[[00...^[[00m你必须在终端中输入：
grep --color=auto "your regex" > example.csv如果您希望它成为您不必
--color=auto每次都键入“ ”的永久情况，请在终端中键入：export GREP_OPTIONS='--color=auto'
more info: https://linuxcommando.blogspot.com/2007/10/grep-with-color-output.html
更多信息：https: //linuxcommando.blogspot.com/2007/10/grep-with-color-output.html
