Javascript 按属性值对对象进行排序
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Sorting objects by property values
提问by Constructor
How to implement the following scenario using Javascript only:
如何仅使用 Javascript 实现以下场景：
- Create a carobject with properties (top speed, brand, etc.)
- Sort a list of cars ordered by those properties
- 创建具有属性（最高速度、品牌等）的汽车对象
- 对按这些属性排序的汽车列表进行排序
回答by user187291
javascript has the sortfunction which can take another function as parameter - that second function is used to compare two elements.
javascript 具有sort函数，可以将另一个函数作为参数 - 第二个函数用于比较两个元素。
Example:
例子：
cars = [
{
name: "Honda",
speed: 80
},
{
name: "BMW",
speed: 180
},
{
name: "Trabi",
speed: 40
},
{
name: "Ferrari",
speed: 200
}
]
cars.sort(function(a, b) {
return a.speed - b.speed;
})
for(var i in cars)
document.writeln(cars[i].name) // Trabi Honda BMW Ferrari
ok, from your comment i see that you're using the word 'sort' in a wrong sense. In programming "sort" means "put things in a certain order", not "arrange things in groups". The latter is much simpler - this is just how you "sort" things in the real world
好的，从你的评论中我看到你在错误的意义上使用了“排序”这个词。在编程中，“排序”的意思是“按一定顺序排列”，而不是“按组排列”。后者要简单得多——这就是你在现实世界中“排序”事物的方式
- make two empty arrays ("boxes")
- for each object in your list, check if it matches the criteria
- if yes, put it in the first "box"
- if no, put it in the second "box"
- 制作两个空数组（“盒子”）
- 对于列表中的每个对象，检查它是否符合条件
- 如果是，把它放在第一个“盒子”里
- 如果不是，把它放在第二个“盒子”里
回答by Cheeso
Example.
例子。
This runs on cscript.exe, on windows.
这在 Windows 上的 cscript.exe 上运行。
// define the Car class
(function() {
// makeClass - By John Resig (MIT Licensed)
// Allows either new User() or User() to be employed for construction.
function makeClass(){
return function(args){
if ( this instanceof arguments.callee ) {
if ( typeof this.init == "function" )
this.init.apply( this, (args && args.callee) ? args : arguments );
} else
return new arguments.callee( arguments );
};
}
Car = makeClass();
Car.prototype.init = function(make, model, price, topSpeed, weight) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.price = price;
this.weight = weight;
this.topSpeed = topSpeed;
};
})();
// create a list of cars
var autos = [
new Car("Chevy", "Corvair", 1800, 88, 2900),
new Car("Buick", "LeSabre", 31000, 138, 3700),
new Car("Toyota", "Prius", 24000, 103, 3200),
new Car("Porsche", "911", 92000, 155, 3100),
new Car("Mercedes", "E500", 67000, 145, 3800),
new Car("VW", "Passat", 31000, 135, 3700)
];
// a list of sorting functions
var sorters = {
byWeight : function(a,b) {
return (a.weight - b.weight);
},
bySpeed : function(a,b) {
return (a.topSpeed - b.topSpeed);
},
byPrice : function(a,b) {
return (a.price - b.price);
},
byModelName : function(a,b) {
return ((a.model < b.model) ? -1 : ((a.model > b.model) ? 1 : 0));
},
byMake : function(a,b) {
return ((a.make < b.make) ? -1 : ((a.make > b.make) ? 1 : 0));
}
};
function say(s) {WScript.Echo(s);}
function show(title)
{
say ("sorted by: "+title);
for (var i=0; i < autos.length; i++) {
say(" " + autos[i].model);
}
say(" ");
}
autos.sort(sorters.byWeight);
show("Weight");
autos.sort(sorters.byModelName);
show("Name");
autos.sort(sorters.byPrice);
show("Price");
You can also make a general sorter.
你也可以做一个通用的分拣机。
var byProperty = function(prop) {
return function(a,b) {
if (typeof a[prop] == "number") {
return (a[prop] - b[prop]);
} else {
return ((a[prop] < b[prop]) ? -1 : ((a[prop] > b[prop]) ? 1 : 0));
}
};
};
autos.sort(byProperty("topSpeed"));
show("Top Speed");
回答by slavugan
I have wrote this simple function for myself:
我为自己编写了这个简单的函数：
function sortObj(list, key) {
function compare(a, b) {
a = a[key];
b = b[key];
var type = (typeof(a) === 'string' ||
typeof(b) === 'string') ? 'string' : 'number';
var result;
if (type === 'string') result = a.localeCompare(b);
else result = a - b;
return result;
}
return list.sort(compare);
}
for example you have list of cars:
例如，您有汽车列表：
var cars= [{brand: 'audi', speed: 240}, {brand: 'fiat', speed: 190}];
var carsSortedByBrand = sortObj(cars, 'brand');
var carsSortedBySpeed = sortObj(cars, 'speed');
回答by Jayanth G
Let us say we have to sort a list of objects in ascending order based on a particular property, in this example lets say we have to sort based on the "name" property, then below is the required code :
假设我们必须根据特定属性按升序对对象列表进行排序，在此示例中假设我们必须根据“名称”属性进行排序，那么以下是所需的代码：
var list_Objects = [{"name"="Bob"},{"name"="Jay"},{"name"="Abhi"}];
Console.log(list_Objects); //[{"name"="Bob"},{"name"="Jay"},{"name"="Abhi"}]
list_Objects.sort(function(a,b){
return a["name"].localeCompare(b["name"]);
});
Console.log(list_Objects); //[{"name"="Abhi"},{"name"="Bob"},{"name"="Jay"}]
回答by Farzad Vertigo
With ES6 arrow functionsit will be like this:
使用ES6 箭头函数，它会是这样的：
//Let's say we have these cars
let cars = [ { brand: 'Porsche', top_speed: 260 },
{ brand: 'Benz', top_speed: 110 },
{ brand: 'Fiat', top_speed: 90 },
{ brand: 'Aston Martin', top_speed: 70 } ]
Array.prototype.sort()can accept a comparator function (here I used arrow notation, but ordinary functions work the same):
Array.prototype.sort()可以接受一个比较器函数（这里我使用了箭头符号，但普通函数的工作方式相同）：
let sortedByBrand = [...cars].sort((first, second) => first.brand > second.brand)
// [ { brand: 'Aston Martin', top_speed: 70 },
// { brand: 'Benz', top_speed: 110 },
// { brand: 'Fiat', top_speed: 90 },
// { brand: 'Porsche', top_speed: 260 } ]
The above approach copies the contents of cars array into a new one and sorts it alphabetically based on brand names. Similarly, you can pass a different function:
上述方法将汽车数组的内容复制到一个新的数组中，并根据品牌名称按字母顺序对其进行排序。同样，您可以传递不同的函数：
let sortedBySpeed =[...cars].sort((first, second) => first.top_speed > second.top_speed)
//[ { brand: 'Aston Martin', top_speed: 70 },
// { brand: 'Fiat', top_speed: 90 },
// { brand: 'Benz', top_speed: 110 },
// { brand: 'Porsche', top_speed: 260 } ]
If you don't mind mutating the orginal array cars.sort(comparatorFunction)will do the trick.
如果你不介意改变原始数组cars.sort(comparatorFunction)就行了。
回答by theMaxx
Here's a short example, that creates and array of objects, and sorts numerically or alphabetically:
这是一个简短的示例，它创建对象数组，并按数字或字母顺序排序：
// Create Objects Array
var arrayCarObjects = [
{brand: "Honda", topSpeed: 45},
{brand: "Ford", topSpeed: 6},
{brand: "Toyota", topSpeed: 240},
{brand: "Chevrolet", topSpeed: 120},
{brand: "Ferrari", topSpeed: 1000}
];
// Sort Objects Numerically
arrayCarObjects.sort((a, b) => (a.topSpeed - b.topSpeed));
// Sort Objects Alphabetically
arrayCarObjects.sort((a, b) => (a.brand > b.brand) ? 1 : -1);
回答by Marcs
A version of Cheeso solution with reverse sorting, I also removed the ternary expressions for lack of clarity (but this is personal taste).
带有反向排序的 Cheeso 解决方案的一个版本，我还删除了缺乏清晰度的三元表达式（但这是个人品味）。
function(prop, reverse) {
return function(a, b) {
if (typeof a[prop] === 'number') {
return (a[prop] - b[prop]);
}
if (a[prop] < b[prop]) {
return reverse ? 1 : -1;
}
if (a[prop] > b[prop]) {
return reverse ? -1 : 1;
}
return 0;
};
};
