如何在 Linux/Unix 上递归复制以“abc”开头的目录？

How to recursively copy directories starting with "abc" on Linux/Unix?

提问by cwd

I have a directory ~/plugins/and inside there are many sub-directories. If I wanted to create a backup somewhere else of just the sub-directories starting with abccould I do that with a one line copy command? I would assume something like this would work (but it doesn't):

我有一个目录~/plugins/，里面有很多子目录。如果我想在其他地方创建备份，而只是以 开头的子目录，abc我可以用一行复制命令来做吗？我会假设这样的事情会起作用（但它不会）：

cp -R ~/plugins/abc* ~/destination/

I would rather use a one-line command, if possible, because I would also like to use the same syntax for rsync, and if I have to do something like

如果可能的话，我宁愿使用单行命令，因为我也想对 rsync 使用相同的语法，如果我必须做类似的事情

find ~/plugins/ -type d -name "abc*" -exec cp -R {} ~/destination;

then that works fine for the cpcommand but it would mean that I would have to run rsync once for each directory and that just doesn't seem efficient :(

那么这对于cp命令来说工作正常，但这意味着我必须为每个目录运行一次 rsync 并且这似乎效率不高:(

采纳答案by David Gelhar

Not sure why what you're trying didn't work (but what is the "copy" command?), but this works on Linux at least:

不知道为什么您尝试的方法不起作用（但“复制”命令是什么？），但这至少适用于 Linux：

cp -r ~/plugins/abc* ~/destination

回答by Dirk Eddelbuettel

Here is an old trick I still use frequently:

这是我仍然经常使用的一个老技巧：

 (cd ~/plugins/ && tar cfp - abc/) | (cd ~/destination && tar xfpv -)

where the ppreserves attributes, and ~/destinationcan be anywhere.

其中p保留属性，并且 ~/destination可以在任何地方。

回答by Shawn Chin

It is possible to use the output of findwith rsync:

可以使用findwith的输出rsync：

# warning: untested
find ~/plugins/ -type d -name "abc*" -print0 | rsync -av --files-from=- --from0 ~/plugins/ ~/destination

• the -print0in find, and --from0in rsyncmakes sure that we handle files with spaces correctly
• the --files-from=-states that we are reading a list of files from stdin

• 在-print0中find，并--from0在rsync确保我们正确处理与空格的文件
• --files-from=-我们正在从标准输入读取文件列表的状态

回答by johnny brasseur

#!/usr/bin/env perl
# copie un fichier avec l'arbo
#
#
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
my $source = shift;
my $dest = shift;
if( !defined $source){ print "Manque fichier source"; exit(0); }
if( !defined $dest){ print "Manque reperttheitroade dest"; exit(0); }

my $dir = dirname($source);
my $file = basename($source);

my @arbo = split(/\//, $dir);
my $direct  = $dest;
if( !-d $direct ) { mkdir $direct; }
foreach my $d(@arbo) {
        $direct.="/".$d;
        if( !-d $direct ) { mkdir $direct; }
}
copy($source,$direct);

name this code snippet for example copyfile

将此代码片段命名为例如 copyfile

TESTED : usage : ./copyfile

测试：用法：./copyfile