为什么我会收到“无法加载 ApplicationContext” Spring、jUnit 和 JavaConfig
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时间：2020-08-16 06:00:32 来源:igfitidea点击:
Why am I getting "Failed to load ApplicationContext" Spring, jUnit with JavaConfig
提问by JohnNY
Why am I getting "Failed to load ApplicationContext" Spring, jUnit with JavaConfig
为什么我会收到“无法加载 ApplicationContext” Spring、jUnit 和 JavaConfig
Here is my test class:
这是我的测试课：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = HelloWorldConfig.class)
public class TestApp
{
@Test
public void testBean()
{
ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(HelloWorldConfig.class);
HelloWorld helloWorld = context.getBean(HelloWorld.class);
helloWorld.setMessage("I am in Staten Island, New York");
Assert.assertEquals(helloWorld.getMessage(), "I am in Staten Island, New York");
}
}
here is the stack trace.
这是堆栈跟踪。
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext at
org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:122)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:312)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211) at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:193) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.accessCaused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.dao.MessageDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
0(ParentRunner.java:42) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:157) at
com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:77)
at
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:195)
at
com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:63)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at
com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:120)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:
Error creating bean with name 'messageService': Injection of autowired
dependencies failed; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not
autowire field: private
com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.dao.MessageDao
com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.service.MessageServiceImpl.messageDao;
nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No
qualifying bean of type
[com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.dao.MessageDao] found for
dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire
candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations:
{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:288)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1122)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:626)
at
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
at
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:120)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
at
org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64)
at
org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
... 28 more Caused by:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not
autowire field: private
com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.dao.MessageDao
com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.service.MessageServiceImpl.messageDao;
nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No
qualifying bean of type
[com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.dao.MessageDao] found for
dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire
candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations:
{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:514)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:285)
... 44 more Caused by:
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No
qualifying bean of type
[com.johnathanmarksmith.hellospring.dao.MessageDao] found for
dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire
candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations:
{@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:986)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:856)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:768)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:486)
回答by fpmoles
The stack trace shows the problem
堆栈跟踪显示了问题
The log message says that you haven't defined MessageDAO:
日志消息说你还没有定义 MessageDAO：
##代码##This bean is autowired in MessageServiceImpl which is defined in HelloConfig.class but is not in your config class
这个 bean 在 MessageServiceImpl 中自动装配，它在 HelloConfig.class 中定义但不在您的配置类中
Furthermore, when using SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class you have no need to create the ApplicationContext in your test, just Autowire HelloWorld into your JUnit
此外，当使用 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class 时，您无需在测试中创建 ApplicationContext，只需将 HelloWorld 自动连接到您的 JUnit
