Python 插入后如何更新 Mongo 文档？
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How do I update a Mongo document after inserting it?
提问by TIMEX
Let's say I insert the document.
假设我插入了文档。
post = { some dictionary }
mongo_id = mycollection.insert(post)
Now, let's say I want to add a field and update it. How do I do that? This doesn't seem to work.....
现在，假设我想添加一个字段并更新它。我怎么做？这似乎不起作用......
post = mycollection.find_one({"_id":mongo_id})
post['newfield'] = "abc"
mycollection.save(post)
采纳答案by allait
In pymongo you can update with:mycollection.update({'_id':mongo_id}, {"$set": post}, upsert=False)
Upsert parameter will insert instead of updating if the post is not found in the database.
Documentation is available at mongodb site.
在 pymongo 中，您可以使用以下内容mycollection.update({'_id':mongo_id}, {"$set": post}, upsert=False)
进行更新：如果在数据库中找不到帖子，则 Upsert 参数将插入而不是更新。
文档可在mongodb 站点获得。
UPDATEFor version > 3 use update_oneinstead of update:
UPDATE对于版本 > 3 使用update_one而不是update：
mycollection.update_one({'_id':mongo_id}, {"$set": post}, upsert=False)
mycollection.update_one({'_id':mongo_id}, {"$set": post}, upsert=False)
回答by Andrew_1510
I will use collection.save(the_changed_dict)this way. I've just tested this, and it still works for me. The following is quoted directly from pymongo doc.:
我会用collection.save(the_changed_dict)这种方式。我刚刚测试了这个，它仍然对我有用。以下内容直接引自pymongo doc.：
save(to_save[, manipulate=True[, safe=False[, **kwargs]]])
save(to_save[, manipulate=True[, safe=False[, **kwargs]]])
Save a document in this collection.
If to_save already has an "_id" then an update() (upsert) operation is performed and any existing document with that "_id" is overwritten. Otherwise an insert() operation is performed. In this case if manipulate is True an "_id" will be added to to_save and this method returns the "_id" of the saved document. If manipulate is False the "_id" will be added by the server but this method will return None.
在此集合中保存文档。
如果 to_save 已具有“_id”，则执行 update()（更新插入）操作，并覆盖具有该“_id”的任何现有文档。否则执行 insert() 操作。在这种情况下，如果操作为 True，一个“_id”将被添加到 to_save 并且此方法返回已保存文档的“_id”。如果操作为 False，服务器将添加“_id”，但此方法将返回 None。
回答by ThinkBonobo
This is an old question, but I stumbled onto this when looking for the answer so I wanted to give the update to the answer for reference.
这是一个老问题，但我在寻找答案时偶然发现了这个问题，所以我想更新答案以供参考。
The methods saveand updateare deprecated.
方法save和update已弃用。
save(to_save, manipulate=True, check_keys=True, **kwargs)? Save a document in this collection.
DEPRECATED - Use insert_one() or replace_one() instead.
Changed in version 3.0: Removed the safe parameter. Pass w=0 for unacknowledged write operations.
update(spec, document, upsert=False, manipulate=False, multi=False, check_keys=True, **kwargs) Update a document(s) in this collection.
DEPRECATED - Use replace_one(), update_one(), or update_many() instead.
Changed in version 3.0: Removed the safe parameter. Pass w=0 for unacknowledged write operations.
保存（to_save，操纵=真，check_keys=真，**kwargs）？在此集合中保存文档。
已弃用 - 请改用 insert_one() 或 replace_one()。
在 3.0 版更改: 删除了安全参数。为未确认的写操作传递 w=0。
更新（规范，文档，upsert=假，操作=假，多=假，check_keys=真，**kwargs）更新这个集合中的一个或多个文档。
已弃用 - 改用 replace_one()、update_one() 或 update_many()。
在 3.0 版更改: 删除了安全参数。为未确认的写操作传递 w=0。
in the OPs particular case, it's better to use replace_one.
在 OP 的特殊情况下，最好使用replace_one.
回答by Gürol Canbek
According to the latest documentation about PyMongo titled Insert a Document(insert is deprecated) and following defensive approach, you should insert and update as follows:
根据名为Insert a Document(insert is deprecated) 和以下防御性方法的有关 PyMongo 的最新文档，您应该按如下方式插入和更新：
result = mycollection.insert_one(post)
post = mycollection.find_one({'_id': result.inserted_id})
if post is not None:
post['newfield'] = "abc"
mycollection.save(post)
回答by serv-inc
mycollection.find_one_and_update({"_id": mongo_id},
{"$set": {"newfield": "abc"}})
should work splendidly for you. If there is no document of id mongo_id, it will fail, unless you also use upsert=True. This returns the old document by default. To get the new one, pass return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER. All parameters are described in the API.
应该非常适合你。如果没有 id 的文档mongo_id，它将失败，除非您也使用upsert=True. 这默认返回旧文档。要获得新的，请通过return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER。API中描述了所有参数。
The method was introduced for MongoDB 3.0. It was extended for 3.2, 3.4, and 3.6.
该方法是为 MongoDB 3.0 引入的。它被扩展为 3.2、3.4 和 3.6。
