bash 如何在 Expect Script 中发送带有 $ 符号的密码
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How to send a password with a $ symbol in Expect Script
提问by linsek
I have an expect script that I need to login to a remote system and execute commands. This script works with the exception of providing the password to the root account. The root password contains a dollar sign that I cannot seem to get to work. Here is the code
我有一个需要登录到远程系统并执行命令的期望脚本。除了向 root 帐户提供密码外，此脚本也能工作。root 密码包含一个美元符号，我似乎无法开始工作。这是代码
#!/usr/bin/expect
set timeout 3
set username "root"
set password "Pas$word"
set hostname [lindex $argv 0]
log_user 0
send_user "\n#####\n# $hostname\n#####\n"
spawn ssh -q -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $username@$hostname
expect {
timeout { send_user "\nFailed to get password prompt\n"; exit 1 }
eof { send_user "\nSSH failure for $hostname\n"; exit 1 }
"*assword"
}
send "$password\r"
expect {
timeout { send_user "\nLogin failed. Password incorrect.\n"; exit 1}
"*$ "
}
send_user "\nPassword is correct\n"
expect "$ " { send "ls" }
I have verified this works when providing credentials whose passwords don't contain the dollar sign, but I can't get it to work with the root account. It always produces the Login failed. Password incorrecttimeout error. Changing the password is not an option. I have tried to supply the \escape character in the password definition like so:
在提供密码不包含美元符号的凭据时，我已验证此方法有效，但我无法让它与 root 帐户一起使用。它总是产生Login failed. Password incorrect超时错误。更改密码不是一种选择。我试图\在密码定义中提供转义字符，如下所示：
set password "Pas$word"
And I get the same results... any ideas on what I'm doing wrong?
我得到了相同的结果......关于我做错了什么的任何想法？
Thanks
谢谢
EDITAs I said. I already tried to escape the $ character. But to clarify, I added a print statement for the password when the script starts up to verify the variable contains the password correctly... Here is the change:
编辑正如我所说。我已经尝试转义 $ 字符。但是为了澄清起见，我在脚本启动时为密码添加了一个打印语句，以验证变量是否正确包含密码......这是更改：
set password "Pas$word"
...
send_user "\n#####\n# $hostname\n#####\n"
send_user "Using password: $password\n"
...
Here is the console output:
这是控制台输出：
njozwiak@ubuntu:~$ ./ssh_ls.sh 192.168.5.93
#####
# 192.168.5.93
#####
Using password: Pas$word
Login failed. Password incorrect.
回答by Hasan Rumman
I've found a makeshift solution for this. I'm sure this problem solved long ago, just mentioning how I solved mine:
我为此找到了一个临时解决方案。我确定这个问题很久以前就解决了，只是提到我是如何解决我的：
Actual password:Pas$word
实际密码：Pas$word
Assign to variable password:set password {Pas\$word}
分配给变量密码：set password {Pas\$word}
In TCL(or expect in your code), grouping words within double braces {} disables substitution within the braces, thus your password will be stored as:
Pas\$word
Now in the end, when you send password via expect Pas\$wordwill be translated as Pas$wordwhich is the actual password.
在 TCL（或您的代码中的期望）中，将双大括号内的单词分组 {} 禁用大括号内的替换，因此您的密码将存储为：
Pas\$word
现在最后，当您通过期望发送密码时Pas\$word将被翻译为Pas$word实际密码。
But the problem is if the password is unknown, for example, password is in an encrypted file or has to be taken as user input. I was looking for this type of cases where I don't know where and how many $ sings are in the password.
但问题是如果密码未知，例如密码在加密文件中或必须作为用户输入。我正在寻找这种类型的情况，我不知道密码中的 $ 位置和数量。
回答by John Mayor
Try escaping the backslash, that is
尝试转义反斜杠，即
Pas$word
becomes
变成
Pas\$word
This is a common problem with scripting (even with PHP, Python) where a string gets unescaped twice or even more times!
这是脚本（即使是 PHP、Python）的一个常见问题，其中一个字符串被转义两次甚至更多次！
A full-blown example how I use expectwith SFTP, inside a Bash script:
我如何在 Bash 脚本中将expect与 SFTP 一起使用的完整示例：
#!/bin/bash
host=mysftp.dmz
port=22
username=john
/usr/bin/expect <<EOF
set timeout -1
spawn sftp -C -oPort=$port $username@$host
expect "password:"
send "Pas\$word\r"
expect "sftp>"
send "get data.txt\r"
expect "sftp>"
send "bye\r"
EOF
回答by Jonathan Crowe
I was unable to get this working by just escaping the dollar sign. I did have luck by using \x to specify the hex value for the dollar sign.
我无法通过转义美元符号来使其工作。通过使用 \x 指定美元符号的十六进制值，我确实很幸运。
set password "Pas\x24word"
设置密码“Pas\x24word”
回答by Whatts
I found this question because I had the same issue, I know it's an old question but for whoever is also still looking for a quick solution:
我发现这个问题是因为我遇到了同样的问题，我知道这是一个老问题，但对于仍在寻找快速解决方案的人来说：
set CorrectedPassword [ string map -nocase { "$" "\$" } $MyPassword ]
The $CorrectedPassword is then accepted by the login procedure. The -nocase is not needed, but I find it safer to include by default.
然后登录过程接受 $CorrectedPassword。-nocase 不是必需的，但我发现默认情况下包含它更安全。
回答by Vaibhav Fouzdar
I had a similar issue where I wanted to pass fileName with "$" in expect script and following worked for me
我有一个类似的问题，我想在期望脚本中传递带有“$”的文件名，然后对我有用
filePath=$(echo -n $filePath | sed -e 's/$/\$/g')
回答by Sky
I used below and it worked for me :
我在下面使用过，它对我有用：
send \"Pas\\\$word\"
send \"Pas\\\$word\"
回答by SSaikia_JtheRocker
This should definitely help -
这绝对有帮助 -
set username root
set password Pas$word
Get rid of the quotes.
摆脱引号。
Hope this helps.
希望这可以帮助。
回答by wnet
I had a similar problem recently. This worked for me:
我最近遇到了类似的问题。这对我有用：
$ PASS="pa\$\$word"; somecommand --user uname --password $PASS
$ PASS="pa\$\$word"; somecommand --user uname --password $PASS
Notice double quotes and the semicolon.
注意双引号和分号。
