Python 正则表达式，删除除 unicode 字符串的连字符以外的所有标点符号
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Python regex, remove all punctuation except hyphen for unicode string
提问by John
I have this code for removing all punctuation from a regex string:
我有这个用于从正则表达式字符串中删除所有标点符号的代码：
import regex as re
re.sub(ur"\p{P}+", "", txt)
How would I change it to allow hyphens? If you could explain how you did it, that would be great. I understand that here, correct me if I'm wrong, P with anything after it is punctuation.
我将如何更改它以允许连字符？如果你能解释一下你是如何做到的，那就太好了。我明白了，如果我错了，请纠正我，标点符号后的任何内容都可以。
采纳答案by Kobi
[^\P{P}-]+
\Pis the complementary of \p- not punctuation. So this matches anything that is not(not punctuation or a dash) - resulting in all punctuation except dashes.
\P是补充\p- 不是标点符号。所以这匹配任何不是（不是标点符号或破折号）的东西 - 导致除破折号之外的所有标点符号。
Example: http://www.rubular.com/r/JsdNM3nFJ3
示例：http: //www.rubular.com/r/JsdNM3nFJ3
If you want a non-convoluted way, an alternative is \p{P}(?<!-): match all punctuation, and then check it wasn't a dash (using negative lookbehind).
Working example: http://www.rubular.com/r/5G62iSYTdk
如果您想要一种简单的方式，另一种方法是\p{P}(?<!-)：匹配所有标点符号，然后检查它是否不是破折号（使用否定后视）。
工作示例：http: //www.rubular.com/r/5G62iSYTdk
回答by Cu3PO42
You could either specify the punctuation you want to remove manually, as in [._,]or supply a function instead of the replacement string:
您可以指定要手动删除的标点符号，例如[._,]或提供函数而不是替换字符串：
re.sub(r"\p{P}", lambda m: "-" if m.group(0) == "-" else "", text)
回答by Galen Long
Here's how to do it with the remodule, in case you have to stick with the standard libraries:
以下是使用re模块的方法，以防您必须坚持使用标准库：
# works in python 2 and 3
import re
import string
remove = string.punctuation
remove = remove.replace("-", "") # don't remove hyphens
pattern = r"[{}]".format(remove) # create the pattern
txt = ")*^%{}[]thi's - is - @@#!a !%%!!%- test."
re.sub(pattern, "", txt)
# >>> 'this - is - a - test'
If performance matters, you may want to use str.translate, since it's faster than using a regex. In Python 3, the code is txt.translate({ord(char): None for char in remove}).
如果性能很重要，您可能想要使用str.translate，因为它比使用 regex 更快。在 Python 3 中，代码是txt.translate({ord(char): None for char in remove}).
