bash 从字符串中提取版本号
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Extract version number from a string
提问by mles
I have a string with components and version numbers:
我有一个包含组件和版本号的字符串：
data-c(kuh-small1);divider-bin-1.4.4;divider-conf-1.3.3-w(1,16);storage-bin-1.5.4;storage-conf-1.5.0-w(1);worker-bin-4.5.1;worker-conf-4.4.1-c(kuh)-win2
data-c(kuh-small1);divider-bin-1.4.4;divider-conf-1.3.3-w(1,16);storage-bin-1.5.4;storage-conf-1.5.0-w(1);worker-bin-4.5.1;worker-conf-4.4.1-c(kuh)-win2
For a shell script, I need to extract the version number of the divider binary. So I need to yield:
对于 shell 脚本，我需要提取分隔符二进制文件的版本号。所以我需要屈服：
1.4.4
1.4.4
What would be a good way to do this? with sed?
这样做的好方法是什么？用sed？
回答by fedorqui 'SO stop harming'
Following Kent's answers, this can work:
按照肯特的回答，这可以工作：
grep -Po '(?<=divider-bin-)\d.\d.\d'
and even better:
甚至更好：
grep -Po '(?<=divider-bin-)[^;]+'
it greps from divider-bin-until it find the ;character. This way any NNN.NNN. ... . NNNformat will work (no matter how many blocks of NN).
它从divider-bin-直到找到;字符为止。这样任何NNN.NNN. ... . NNN格式都可以工作（无论有多少块NN）。
Test:
测试：
$ echo "data-c(kuh-small1);divider-bin-1.4.4;divider-conf-1.3.3-w(1,16);storage-bin-1.5.4;storage-conf-1.5.0-w(1);worker-bin-4.5.1;worker-conf-4.4.1-c(kuh)-win2" | grep -Po '(?<=divider-bin-)[^;]+'
1.4.4
$ echo "data-c(kuh-small1);divider-bin-1.4;divider-conf-1.3.3-w(1,16);storage-bin-1.5.4;storage-conf-1.5.0-w(1);worker-bin-4.5.1;worker-conf-4.4.1-c(kuh)-win2" | grep -Po '(?<=divider-bin-)[^;]+'
1.4
回答by olibre
This general answer should work in all cases
这个通用答案应该适用于所有情况
I use one of these three one-line perlcommands depending on the expected input string:
我根据预期的输入字符串使用这三个单行perl命令之一：
The input string always contain one single version
perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'To extract several versions (several lines)
perl -pe 'if(($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){$_.="\n"}'To extract one single version (the first one) in all cases
perl -pe 'if(($v)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){print"$v\n";exit}$_=""'
输入字符串始终包含一个版本
perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'提取多个版本（几行）
perl -pe 'if(($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){$_.="\n"}'在所有情况下提取一个单一版本（第一个）
perl -pe 'if(($v)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){print"$v\n";exit}$_=""'
1. The simplest
1.最简单的
The first command line do not embed the final newline:
第一个命令行不嵌入最后的换行符：
> gcc --version | perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'
5.3.1
> bash --version | perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'
4.2.46
> perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/' <<< 'A2 33. Z-0.1.2.3.4..5'
0.1.2.3.4
> uname -a | perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'
3.10.0
> lsb_release | perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'
4.1
Store the version within a shell variable:
将版本存储在 shell 变量中：
> v=$( gcc --version | perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/' )
> echo "GCC version is '$v'"
GCC version is '5.3.1'
But fails for multi version numbers:
但对于多版本号失败：
> gwenview --version
Qt: 4.8.5
KDE Development Platform: 4.14.8
Gwenview: 4.10.4
> gwenview --version | perl -pe '($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/'
4.8.54.14.84.10.4
2. Extract one version per line
2.每行提取一个版本
> gwenview --version | perl -pe 'if(($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){$_.="\n"}'
4.8.4
4.14.8
4.10.4
> mvn --version
Apache Maven 3.0.4
Maven home: /usr/share/maven
Java version: 1.7.0_25, vendor: Oracle Corporation
Java home: /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre
Default locale: fr_FR, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "linux", version: "3.11.0-13-generic", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
> mvn --version | perl -pe 'if(($_)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){$_.="\n"}'
3.0.4
1.7.0
3.11.0
3. Extract the first version only
3. 只解压第一个版本
> gwenview --version | perl -pe 'if(($v)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){print"$v\n";exit}$_=""'
4.8.5
Create an alias:
创建别名：
> alias extractor='perl -pe '\''if(($v)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){print"$v";exit}$_=""'\'''
or if you use a recent bash:
或者如果您使用最近的bash：
> alias extractor=$'perl -pe \'if(($v)=/([0-9]+([.][0-9]+)+)/){print"$v";exit}$_=""\''
> v=$( mvn --version | extractor )
> echo "The maven version is '$v'"
The maven version is '3.0.4'
回答by trey85stang
sed can handle this easily....
sed 可以轻松处理这个问题....
string="ata-c(kuh-small1);divider-bin-1.4.4;divider-conf-1.3.3-w(1,16);storage-bin-1.5.4;storage-conf-1.5.0-w(1);worker-bin-4.5.1;worker-conf-4.4.1-c(kuh)-win2"
echo $string | sed "s/^.*divider-bin-\([0-9.]*\).*//"
1.4.4
There are a few other things you can do to tighten it up... such as stop grabbing the version number when you reach the ";"
您还可以采取其他一些措施来收紧它……例如，当您到达“;”时停止获取版本号。
sed "s/^.*divider-bin-\([^;]*\).*//"
回答by michas
You can also use perl:
你也可以使用 perl：
perl -wne '/divider-bin-(.+?);/ and print "\n"
回答by NeronLeVelu
sed -n "s/.*;divider-bin-\([0-9][^;]*\);.*//p"
infos is between ;divider-bin-and next ;and start with a digit. This is to ensur that no Other-divider-bin-or divider-bin-and-hex-will interfere with your request. Also, return empty string if not find.
to be exhaustif (assuming version is only digit and dot)
infos 介于;divider-bin-和 next之间，;并以数字开头。这是为了确保不会Other-divider-bin-或divider-bin-and-hex-将干扰您的请求。此外，如果找不到，则返回空字符串。要穷尽（假设版本只有数字和点）
sed -n "s/.*;divider-bin-\([0-9.]\{1,\}\)\([^0-9.;][^;]*\)*;.*//p"
