bash 如何捕获 ls 或 find 命令的输出以将所有文件名存储在数组中？
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How do I capture the output from the ls or find command to store all file names in an array?
提问by fzkl
Need to process files in current directory one at a time. I am looking for a way to take the output of lsor findand store the resulting value as elements of an array. This way I can manipulate the array elements as needed.
需要一次处理一个当前目录下的文件。我正在寻找一种方法来获取lsor的输出find并将结果值存储为数组的元素。这样我就可以根据需要操作数组元素。
回答by SiegeX
To answer your exact question, use the following:
要回答您的确切问题，请使用以下内容：
arr=( $(find /path/to/toplevel/dir -type f) )
Example
例子
$ find . -type f
./test1.txt
./test2.txt
./test3.txt
$ arr=( $(find . -type f) )
$ echo ${#arr[@]}
3
$ echo ${arr[@]}
./test1.txt ./test2.txt ./test3.txt
$ echo ${arr[0]}
./test1.txt
However, if you just want to process files one at a time, you can either use find's -execoption if the script is somewhat simple, or you can do a loop over what find returns like so:
但是，如果您只想一次处理一个文件，如果脚本有点简单，您可以使用find's-exec选项，或者您可以对 find 返回的内容进行循环，如下所示：
while IFS= read -r -d $'for i in `ls`; do echo $i; done;
' file; do
# stuff with "$file" here
done < <(find /path/to/toplevel/dir -type f -print0)
回答by simon
for files in *; do
if [ -f "$files" ]; then
# do something
fi
done
can't get simpler than that!
没有比这更简单的了！
edit: hmm - as per Dennis Williamson's comment, it seems you can!
编辑：嗯 - 根据丹尼斯威廉姆森的评论，看来你可以！
edit 2: although the OP specifically asks how to parse the output of ls, I just wanted to point out that, as the commentators below have said, the correct answer is "you don't". Use for i in *or similar instead.
编辑 2：虽然 OP 专门询问如何解析 的输出ls，但我只是想指出，正如下面的评论员所说，正确的答案是“你没有”。改用for i in *或类似。
回答by marco
You actually don't need to use ls/find for files in current directory.
您实际上不需要对当前目录中的文件使用 ls/find 。
Just use a for loop:
只需使用 for 循环：
shopt -s dotglob
And if you want to process hidden files too, you can set the relative option:
如果你也想处理隐藏文件，你可以设置相关选项：
ls directory | xargs cp -v dir2
This last command works in bash only.
最后一条命令仅适用于 bash。
回答by TyrantWave
Depending on what you want to do, you could use xargs:
根据您要执行的操作，您可以使用 xargs：
##代码##For example. xargs will act on each item returned.
例如。xargs 将作用于返回的每个项目。
